1.
appositive phrase: noun or pronoun that renames, explains, identifies, or defines a noun or pronoun next to it (usually before it)
2.
characterization: the act of creating and developing a character
3.
climax: Most exciting moment of the story; turning point
4.
dramatic irony: when a reader is aware of something that a character isn't
5.
exposition: introduces the characters, setting, and basic situation
6.
external conflict: a struggle between a character and an outside force
7.
falling action: events that solve leftover issues after the climax.
8.
first person narration: when a character in the story tells the story from his/her point of view
9.
foreshadowing: the use of clues to hint at events that will occur later in the plot
10.
infer: conclude by reasoning
11.
internal conflict: a struggle between opposing needs, desires, or emotions within a single character
12.
omniscient narrator: an all-knowing, usually third-person narrator
13.
participial phrase: an -ing or -ed verb form that functions as an adjective plus its modifiers
14.
plot: the sequence of events in a story
15.
point of view: the perspective from which a story is told
16.
resolution: The ending to the story that states the final outcome of the conflict and/or what might lie ahead for the characters in the story.
17.
rising action: adds complications to the conflict and leads to the climax of the story
18.
second person narration: Rarely used, and thus worth paying attention to when you see it. The narrator uses "you" bringing the reader directly into the story.
19.
setting: the time, place, and environment in which action takes place
20.
situational irony: occurs when the outcome of a work is unexpected, or events turn out to be the opposite from what one had expected
21.
theme: The main idea or meaning of a text. Often, this is an insight about human life revealed in a literary work
22.
third person limited: the narrator (not a character) focuses on thoughts and feelings of one of the characters.
23.
verbal irony: A figure of speech that occurs when a person says one thing but means another.
