Chapter 6
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LettsStudy on November 6, 2010
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 emission spectrum | emission spectrum Light emitted from a source and separated into its component colors or frequencies |
| continuous spectrum | A type of emission spectrum showing a continuous band of colors all blending into one another |
| line spectrum | A type of emission spectrum showing a series of lines separated by black areas; each line represents a definite wavelength or frequency |
| proton | A positively charged particle that is one of the basic structures in the nucleus of an atom |
| electron | A negatively charged particle that is one of the fundamental structural units of the atom |
| neutron | A particle with no electrical charge that is one of the basic structures in the nucleus of an atom |
| nucleus | The core of an atom containing the protons and neutrons |
| atomic number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; each element has its own unique atomic number |
| electron orbital | The path of electrons as they move around the nuclei of atoms; each orbital is associated with a particular electronic energy level |
| excited state | The state in which an atom absorbs energy and an electron moves from a lower to a higher energy level |
| atomic mass | The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| isotope | An atom differing from another atom of the same element in the number of neutrons in its nucleus |
| radioactivity | The particle and/ or gamma- ray radiation emitted by the unstable nucleus of some isotopes |
| alpha particle | A type of radiation emitted by a radioactive element; the radiation is composed of helium atoms minus their orbiting electrons |
| beta particle | A type of radiation emitted by a radioactive element; the radiation consists of electrons |
| gamma ray | A high- energy form of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a radioactive element |
| X- ray diffraction | An analytical technique for identifying crystalline materials |
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