Nutrition Fluid and Electrolytes data and lab values
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80 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Calcium values | Major 1000-1300, UL 2500 (mg/day) |
| Calcium, foods | Milk, cheese Sardines Salmon Some dark green vegetables |
| Calcium, functions | Develop Teeth, bones Transmit nerve impulses Blood clotting nL heart/muscle activity |
| Calcium, deficiency | Osteoporosis Osteomalacia Rickets Tetany Retarded growth ↓ teeth/bone formation |
| Calcium toxicity | None listed |
| Phosphorus values | Major 700-1250, UL 4000 (mg/day) |
| Phosphorus, functions | Develop Teeth, bones Acid/base balance Helps some vitamins Metabolizes fat, protein, carbs |
| Phosphorus, foods | Milk, cheese Lean meat Poultry Fish Whole grain cereals Legumes nuts |
| Phosphorus, deficiency | ↓ teeth/bone formation Weakness Anorexia General malaise |
| Phosphorus, toxicity | none listed |
| Potassium, values | Major 4.7g/day (AI) No UL |
| Potassium, functions | Muscle contraction Fluid balance Nerve transmit Osmosis Reg. heart beat Cell metabolism |
| Potassium, foods | Oranges, bananas Dried fruits Vegetables, legumes Milk, meat, cereals |
| Potassium, deficiency | ↓K+, muscle weakness Confusion, abnL heartbeat |
| Potassium, toxicity | ↑K+, abnL heartbeat (life threatening) |
| Sodium, value | Major 1.5g/day (AI) UL 2.3g |
| Sodium, function | Fluid balance Nerve transmit Acid/base balance Regulates muscle/nerve irritability |
| Sodium, foods | Table salt Beef, eggs Poultry Milk, cheese |
| Sodium, deficiency | Nausea Exhaustion Muscle cramps |
| Sodium, toxicity | ↑BP edema |
| Chloride, values | Major 2.3g/day (AI) UL 3.6g/day |
| Chloride, function | Gastric acidity Acid/base balance Regulates osmotic pressure Osmosis Forms HCl- |
| Chloride, foods | Table salt Eggs Seafood milk |
| Chloride, deficiency | imbalanced Gastric acidity imbalance in blood pH nausea, exhaustion |
| Chloride, toxicity | None listed |
| Magnesium, values | Major 240-420, UL 350? (mg/day) |
| Magnesium, function | ATP producer Nerve transmit Activates metabolic enzymes Constituent of bones, muscles, RBCs |
| Magnesium, foods | Green leafy veges Whole grains Avocado Nuts, milk Legumes, bananas |
| Magnesium, deficiency | Unknown; Mental, emotional, muscle disorders |
| Magnesium, toxicity | Unknown |
| Sulfur, values | Major No RDI info |
| Sulfur, functions | Maintains protein structure Build hair, nails, body tissues Constituent of all body cells |
| Sulfur, foods | Eggs, fish poultry |
| Sulfur, deficiency | Unknown |
| Sulfur, toxicity | Unknown |
| Iron, values | Trace 8-11 T (appendix C in book indicates 8-11 for males, 8/15/18/8 for females) UL 45 (mg/day) |
| Iron, functions | Transport O₂, CO₂, part of Hbg, myoglobin Component of cell enzymes Essential for energy |
| Iron, foods | Muscle meats Poultry, shellfish Liver, legumes Dried fruits, molasses Dark green, leafy veges Whole grain breads |
| Iron, deficiency | Fe-deficiency anemia (weakness, dizziness, loss of weight, pallor) |
| Iron, toxicity | Hemochromatosis May contribute to heart disease Injure liver |
| Iodine, values | Trace 120-150, UL 1000 (µg/day) |
| Iodine, functions | Regulates BMR |
| Iodine, foods | Iodized salt seafood |
| Iodine, deficiency | Goiter Cretinism myxedema |
| Iodine, toxicity | None listed |
| Zinc, values | Trace 8-11, UL 40 (mg/day) |
| Zinc, functions | Formation of collagen, growth insulin/enzyme component, wound healing taste acuity, immune reactions |
| Zinc, foods | Seafood (esp. oysters) Liver, eggs, milk Wheat bran Legumes |
| Zinc, deficiency | Dwarfism, hypogonadism, anemia loss of appetite, skin ∆, Impaired wound healing, ↓taste acuity |
| Zinc, toxicity | None listed |
| Selenium, values | Trace 40-55, UL 400 (µg/day) |
| Selenium, functions | Constituent of most body tissue Fat metabolism Antioxidant fx. |
| Selenium, foods | Seafood, liver, Kidney, muscle meats Grains |
| Selenium, deficiency | Muscle weakness r/t Keshan disease |
| Selenium, toxicity | Vomiting Skin lesions Loss of hair, nails |
| Copper, values | Trace 700-900µg/day UL 10,000µg/day |
| Copper, functions | Formation of Hgb/RBCs Component of enzymes Wound healing Helps with metabolic release of energy |
| Copper, foods | Liver, shellfish, oysters Legumes, nuts Whole grains |
| Copper, deficiency | Anemia Bone disease Disturbed growth and metabolism |
| Copper, toxicity | Vomiting,diarrhea Wilson's disease (genetic) |
| Manganese, values | Trace 1.6-2.3mg/day (AI) UL 6-11mg/day |
| Manganese, functions | Component of enzymes Bone formation Metabolic processes |
| Manganese, foods | Whole grains Nuts, tea, fruits |
| Manganese, deficiency | Unknown |
| Manganese, toxicity | Possible brain disease |
| Fluoride, values | Trace 2-4mg/day (AI) UL 10mg/day |
| Fluoride, functions | ↓resistance to tooth decay Component of teeth/bones |
| Fluoride, foods | Fluoridated water seafood |
| Fluoride, deficiency | Tooth decay Osteoporosis (?) |
| Fluoride, toxicity | Discoloration of teeth (mottling) |
| Chromium, values | Trace 25-35µg/day (AI) UL none |
| Chromium, functions | Assoc. with glucose and lipid metabolism |
| Chromium, foods | Meat, vegetable oil Whole grain cereal Nuts, yeast |
| Chromium, deficiency | Possible Glc. Metabolism disturbances |
| Chromium, toxicity | None listed |
| Molybdenum, values | Trace 34-45µg/day UL 1100-2000µg/day |
| Molybdenum, functions | Enzyme func. Metabolism |
| Molybdenum, foods | Dark green, leafy veggies Liver, Legumes, cereal |
| Molybdenum, deficiency | Unknown |
| Molybdenum, toxicity | Inhibits copper absorption |
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