APUSH Vocab Unit 4 Part 3
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Created by:
burkekatie on November 7, 2010
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Republican Mothers | women, specifically mothers, whose duty it was to raise their children to be ideal republican citizens; a new and important role for women |
| Godey's Lady's Book | popular magazine marketed specifically for women which contained art, poetry and articles; a place where women could get their works published and important topics could be discussed |
| Catharine Beecher | advocator of education, especially for women, and the incorporation of kindergarten into children's curriculums |
| "Cult of True Womanhood" | view held by many upper- and middle-class women which said that women should embody perfect virtue in all senses; they were expected to be pious, pure, submissive and domestic, above all else |
| Dorothea Dix | Superintendent of Army Nurses during the Civil War, she lobbied for rights of the mentally insane, and achieved America's first generation of asylums |
| Horace Mann | advocator of public education, he also served as a MA representative in the US House of Representatives and on the MA State Board of Education |
| Noah Webster | "Father of American Scholarship and Education"; credited for the dictionary; helped to make education more secular and less religious |
| The McGuffey Reader | America's first textbook, it is still used today |
| American Temperance Movement | social movement against the use of alcohol, where people formed organizations against the production of beverages such as rum and whiskey |
| Lucretia Mott | a Quaker who was an abolitionist and supporter of women's rights; America's first feminist, she is credited with beginning the women's political movement |
| Elizabeth Cady Stanton | human rights advocate who focused on women's rights; chief author of the Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions, she helped to truly get the ball rolling on women's rights |
| Seneca Falls Convention | influential women's rights convention organized to hear Lucretia Mott speak, as well as to discuss general women's rights; during the convention the Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions was written |
| Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions | document signed by the majority of the people present at the Seneca Falls Convention; based upon the US Declaration of Independence, "grand basis for attaining the civil, social, political, and religious rights of women." |
| Susan B Anthony | women's rights advocator who helped to achieve voting rights for women in the US |
| Prison Reform Movement | movement to improve America's prisons and the treatment of inmates |
| Treatment of the Insane | many lobbied for the better treatment of those who were mentally unstable; asylums were initiated, although these were often terrible places themselves |
| Samuel Slater | Known as the "Father of the American Industrial Revolution" b/c he memorized the plans for the textile mill, fled from Britain to the US and sold the plans, thus beginning the Industrial Revolution in America |
| Francis Cabot Lowell | Boston merchant who, after going to England, had an idea to combine spinning and weaving in one building. He formed the Boston Associates and they built a textile mill in Massachusetts and had all machines needed to turn raw cotton into cloth |
| Waltham Plan | Strategy for cheaper source of labor in the 1820s; recruit thousands of young women from farm families to work in textile factories, provide them with room and board, evening lectures and cultural activities with strict curfews, no alcohol and regular church attendance |
| Lowell, Massachusetts | Named after Francis Cabot Lowell, became a model factory town |
| Eli Whitney | Invented the cotton gin |
| Cotton Gin | A machine for separating the seeds from cotton fibers, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 |
| Interchangeable Parts | Identical components that can be used in place of one another in manufacturing |
| National Trades Union | Began to seek better wages, working conditions, and job security - resented bankers and owners |
| Working Men's Parties | First labor union in the US, located in Philadelphia. Wanted public education, 10-11 hour work period and universal male suffrage. Formed primarily to help journeymen striking against their masters. Fell apart soon after formation. |
| Commonwealth v. Hunt | A landmark ruling of the MA Supreme Court establishing the legality of labor unions and the legality of union workers striking if an employer hired non-union workers. |
| Labor Theory of Value | Theory that the value of any produced good or service is equal to the amount of labor used, directly or indirectly, to produce it. |
| National Road | First national road building project funded by Congress. It made travel and transportation of goods much easier because it was one continuous road that was in good condition. |
| Erie Canal | A canal running from Albany, NY to Buffalo, NY completed in 1825. The canal allowed western farmers to ship surplus crops to sell in the North and allowed northern manufacturers to ship finished goods to sell in the West. |
| Robert Fulton | American inventor who designed the first commercially successful steamboat |
| Transportation Revolution | By the 1850s transportation was fairly cheap and widespread. Allowed goods to be moved in larger quantities over longer distances, and it reduced travel time. |
| Samuel F.B. Morse | Invented the telegraph which allowed faster communication over longer distances. He also developed Morse code |
| Henry Clay's American System | Developing transportation systems and other internal improvements, establishing a protective tariff and resurrecting the national bank. Was never passed, but these changes eventually came |
| Nativism | A policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones |
| Know Nothing Party | Party that felt that too many foreigners were living in America, also known as the American Party. Named this way b/c when someone asked them about their party, they were supposed to reply "I know nothing" |
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