| Term | Definition |
| medulla oblongata | forms inferior part of brain containing cardiovascular center, controls force/rate of heart beat. Responsible for vomiting, coughing and sneezing. Has pyramids formed by largest motor tract that pass from cerebrum to spinal cord |
| medullary rhythmicity center | adjusts rhythm of breathing |
| pons | contains pneumotaxic and the apneustic center which also controls breathing |
| superior colliculi (midbrain) | controls movement of eyes, head, and neck in response to visual stimuli |
| inferior colliculi (midbrain) | causes movement of head and trunk in response to auditory stimuli |
| corpora quadragemini | all colliculi come together |
| reticular formation | alerts the cerebral cortex to incoming sensory signals. Contains reticular activating system (RAS) which is responding for maintaining consciousness and awakening us from sleep |
| cerebellum | regulates posture/balance. Helps smooth out and coordinate complex sequences of skeletal muscle contraction; "arbor vitae" = tree of life |