Settling Latin America, 7th grade
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32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 encomienda | A reward of land made by Spain to a conquistador in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it |
| Bartolome de Las Casas | spoke out about the unfair treatment of Native Americans; helped pass the New Laws of 1542 |
| creole | people of pure Spanish or Portuguese descent born in America |
| imports | colonies had to pay high prices for these |
| exports | colonies had to pay high taxes on these |
| caudillos | strong men who overthrew new governments in Latin America but ruled as dictators |
| angular & realistic | O Aleijadinho's sculptures |
| Jose de San Martin | crossed the Andes mountains on his way to liberate Chile; chosen by the Argentine government to take independence to Peru |
| Latin America | the region of the world settled by people from the Iberian Peninsula |
| gauchos of Argentina | fought as troops for Jose de San Martin; were a symbol of rugged independence |
| Jesuits | friars from the Catholic church who were expelled from the New World by the Spanish and the Portuguese because of jealousy over their profits and power; after they left the Indians returned to their former way of life |
| coffee | a major South American product that originally came from Arabia |
| Amazon | river in Brazil that is the world's second longest |
| donatarios | Portuguese nobles that had complete control over their captaincies; they were replaced by governor-generals |
| pirates | the Spanish Navy had to beware of them in the Caribbean Sea |
| wealthy farmers | owned most of the land in Latin America |
| Antonio Lisboa | a Brazilian who is one of South America's most famous sculptors |
| Pampas | fertile grasslands located in the River Plate Republics |
| Iberian peninsula | the southwest tip of Europe where the modern nations of Spain and Portugal are located |
| Brazilian independence | was not violent and came as a result of Portugal being captured by Napoleon |
| silver & sugar | resources that were the major exports of colonial Latin America |
| Thome de Souza | the first governor- general of Brazil |
| Pedro I | shouted "Independence or death!"; was crowned Emperor of Brazil after the country won independence from Portugal |
| mestizos | people with Indian and Spanish parents |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | moved the Line of Demarcation which was a boundary established in 1493 to define Spanish and Portuguese possessions in the Americas |
| Simon Bolivar | known as "the Liberator" |
| Line of Demarcation | established that everything east could be claimed by Portugal and west claimed by Spain |
| Suriname | used to be called Dutch Guiana |
| viceroy | Spanish government official in the New World whose title meant "in the place of the king" |
| hacendado | country estate owner who was similar to the lord of the medieval manor |
| first floor of upper class home | had businesses and rooms for workers and servants |
| second floor of upper class home | rooms for the family and owner of a business |
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