origins insertions and actions muscles head neck upper extremity
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Created by:
roserriffic on November 9, 2010
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29 terms
Latin | English |
|---|---|
| Frontalis |  o: epicranial aponeurosis(galea aponeurotica)i: skin of eyebrow and nose a:raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead, tenses and retracts scalp |
| genioglossus | o: medial surface of mandible near chin i:body of tongue, hyoid bone a:depresses and protracts tongue |
| geniohyoid | o: medial surface of mandible near chin i: hyoid bone a: depresses mandible or elevates larynx. Pulls hyoid bone anteriorly |
| masseter | o:zygomatic arch i:mandiblular ramus(lateral side) a:elevates mandible |
| medial pterygoid | o:medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone, maxilla, and palantine bone i:medial surface of mandible near its angle a: acts with the lateral pterygoid muscle to protrude mandible and to promote side-to-side gringding movements;synergist of temporalis and masseter muscles in elevation of the mandible. |
| mylohyoid | o:medial surface of the mandible i: median connective tissue that attaches to hyoid bone a: elevates floor of the mouth and depresses mandible |
| sternocleidomastoid | o: clavicle and manubrium i:mastoid process a:rotates face to opposite side, laterally flexes head to same side |
| styloglossus | O: styloid process of temporal bone. I: side and undersurface of tongue. A: elevates tongue and draws it posteriorly (retraction). |
| stylohyoid | O: Styloid process I: Body of hyoid bone A: Elevates and retracts hyoid bone |
| temporalis | o: temporal bone i: mandible; a: closes jaw |
| zygomaticus major | O: Zygomatic bone I: angle of mouth a:Draws angle of mouth upward and laterally in laughing |
| biceps brachii | O:short head: coracoid of scapula long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula I: *tuberosity of the radius A: flex the elbow (humeroulnar joint) supinate forearm (radioulnar joint) flex shoulder (glenohumeral joint) |
| brachialis | o: humerus; i: ulna; a: elbow flexion |
| brachioradialis | o: lateral supracondylar ridge at distal end of humerus i: base of styloid process of radius a: synergist in forearm flexion stabilizes elbow during rapid flexion and extension |
| deltoid | o:latearl third of clavicle; acromion and spine of clavicle embraces insertion of trapezius i:deltoid tuberosity of humerous a:prime mover of arm abduction when all its fibers contract simultaneously |
| digastric | o;lower margin of mandible and mastoid process of temporal bone i: by connective tissue loop to hyoid bone a: open mouth and depress mandible |
| latissimus dorsi | o:indirect attachment via lumbodorsal fascia into spines of lower six thoracic vertebrae i: spirals around teres major to insert in floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerous a: prime mover of arm extension;powerful arm adductor; medially rotates arm@shoulder |
| platysma | o; fascia of chest (over pectoral muscles and deltoid) i: lower margin of mandibel, and skin and muscle at corner of mouth a: tenses skin of neck helps depress mandible pulls lower lip down and back |
| pectoralis major | o;sternal end of clavicle, sternum, cartilage of ribs 1-6 & aponeurosis of external obliques i: fibers converge to insert by a short tendon into inter tubercular sulcus & greater tubercle of humerus a: prime mover of arm flexion; rotates arm medially;adducts arm |
| biceps femoris | O;ischial tuberosity & linea aspera of femur I; head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia A: Hip: extension, lateral rotation. Knee: flexion |
| gastrocnemius | O:femoral condyles I: calacaneus via calcaneal tendon A: foot: plantar flexion, inversion Knee: flexion |
| Gluteus Maximus | O: iliac crest, lateral surface of ilium, sacrum, coccyx,lumbodorsal fascia I: iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of femur A: Hip: extension lateral rotation |
| gluteus medius | O: anterior iliac crest, lateral surface of ilium I:greater trochanter of the femur A: Hip: abduction, medial rotation |
| Gracilis | O-INFERIOR RAMIS OF THE PUBIS/ I- PROXIMAL MEDIAL SURFACE OF THE TIBIA/ A- ADDUCTS THE THIGH |
| rectus femoris | O; anterior inferior iliac spine, superior acetabular rim I: tibial tuberosity A: Knee: extension Hip: flexion |
| sartorius | O:anterior superior iliac spine I:Tibia : medial surface A:Hip: flexion, lateral rotation knee: flexion |
| Semimembranious | O:ischial tuberosity I: Tibia medial condyle A:Knee: flexion. Hip: extension , medial rotation |
| soleus | O:head of fibula and shaft of tibia I: calcaneous via calcaneal tendon (tendocalcaneous) A:Foot: plantar flexion |
| Psoas Major | O-BODY AND TRANSVERSE PROCESS OF THE LUMBAR VERTEBRAE/ I-LESSER TROCHANTER VIA ILIOPSOAS/ A- FLEXES THIGH WHEN BACK IS FIXED; FLEXES VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND PELVIS ON FEMUR AS IN SIT UP, THIGHS ARE FIXED. |
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