Cells and Tissues Test (cells)
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Created by:
sarahblack3473 on November 9, 2010
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 interstitial | the fluid between the cells |
| cytokinesis | division of cytoplasm that occurs after the cell nucleus has divided |
| translation | when DNA base sequence is changed into an amino acid sequence for RNA |
| anticodon | special three base sequence that recognizes the mRNA codons and needed amino acids |
| centrioles | a minute body found near the nucleus of the cell; active in cell division |
| cilia | tiny,hairlike projections on cell surfaces that move in a wave like manner. |
| metaphase | short stage, chromosomes cluster and become aligned at the center of the spindle midway between the centrioles so that a straight line of chromosomes is seen |
| prophase | chromatin threads coil and shorten so that visible barlike bodies called chromosomes appear |
| endocytosis | ATP requiring processes that take up or engulf, extracellular substances by enclosing them in a small membranous vesicles |
| chromatin | the structures in the nucleus that carry the hereditary factors (genes) |
| transcription | the transfer of info. from DNA'S base sequence into the complementary base sequence of mRNA |
| organelles | specialized structures in a cell that perform specific metabolic functions |
| telophase | the reverse of prophase; chromosomes uncoil and become threadlike chromatin again. spindle breaks own and disappears. |
| anaphase | the centromeres (now chromosomes)= they hold the chromatin together, split and move slowly apart towards opposite ends done when chromosomes movement ends |
| endoplasmic reticulum | system of fluid-filled cisterns that coil and twist through the cytoplasm |
| where chromatin found | scattered throughout the nucleus |
| where nucleolus found | nucleus |
| where centrioles found | close to nucleus |
| messenger RNA | carry the "message" containing instruction for protein synthesis from the DNA gene in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm |
| ribosomal RNA | help form the ribosomes, where proteins are built |
| adenine is always with | thymine |
| guanine ia always with | cytosine |
| centriole | rod-shaped bodies that lie at right angles to each other; internally they are made up of fine microtubules |
| mitochondria | depicted as tiny threadlike or sausage shape organelles but not living cells they squirm, lengthen and change shape. responsible for ATP generation for cellular activities |
| ribosomes | cytoplasmic organelles at which proteins are synthesized |
| lysosomes | "breakdown bodies" membrane "bags" containing powerful digestive enzymes |
| microtubule | determine the overall shape of a cell and the distribution of organelles |
| golgi apparatus | appears as a stack of flattened membranous sacs, associated with swarms of tiny vesicles |
| nucleolus | non-membrane bound structurecomposed of proteins and nucleic acids found within the nucleus. Ribosomal RNA |
| transfer RNA | ferries amino acids to the ribosomes |
| chromosomes move slowly apart towards opposite ends of the cell | anaphase |
| centromeres split | anaphase |
| nucleoli appear in each daughter cell | telophase |
| chromosomes cluster and align at the center of the cell | metaphase |
| centrioles separate and move toward opposite sides of the cell | prophase |
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