Chapter 2 - Foundations of Government
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Created by:
oiamsamyesiam on November 10, 2010
Subjects:
chapter 2 - foundations of government
Classes:
MAIA 11th Grade American Government
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 royal colonies | colonial settlements under direct control of the British Crown |
| veto | refuse to approve |
| proprietary colonies | colonial settlements that were ruled by a group or individual under a grant from the Crown |
| charter colonies | colonial settlements established by groups given a charter by the Crown |
| repeal | do away with or withdraw |
| ratify | approve or confirm |
| Declaration of Independence | a 1776 document stating that the 13 English colonies were a free and independent nation; it has four main parts--a preamble, natural rights, British wrongs, and United States of America's independence |
| bill of rights | special sections in the United States Constitution and state constitutions that list the natural rights that government cannot deny |
| legislative branch | branch of government that makes laws |
| executive branch | branch of government that carries out laws or puts laws into effect |
| judicial branch | branch of government that interprets the laws |
| unicameral | a one-house legislature |
| bicameral | a two-house legislature |
| The Articles of Confederation | the first American constitution, passed in 1777, which created a loose alliance of 13 independent states |
| weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation | 1) it made it difficult to develop loyalty to the national government, 2) it required the consent of 9 out of 13 states to agree on something 3) it required the consent of all the 13 states to amend it 4) it could not tax 5) it could not regulate currency 6) it could not regulate commerce 7) it did not have an executive or judical branch to enforce or interpret laws |
| accomplishments of the Articles of Confederation | 1) the Revolutionary War was won and Treay of Paris approved 2) The Land Ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest Ordinance were passed 3) used by the founding fathers to see what works and doesn't work |
| Virginia Plan | provided for three branhces of government and a bicameral legislature; each state would have members based on population |
| New Jersey Plan | provided for three branches of government and a unicameral legislature; each state would have one vote regardless of size |
| Stamp Act Congress | when delegates from nine colonies met in New York City in 1765 to protest the Stamp Act; they agreed to approve the Declaration of Rights and Grievances, boycott British goods and demand the act to be repealed |
| First Continental Congress | called after the passage of the Intolerable Acts in 1774, they adopted the Declaration and Resolves, continued the boycott of British goods and agreed to meet again in 1775 if conditions had not improved. |
| Second Continental Congress | called after the shots fired in Lexington and Concord; they organized an army and appointed George Washington commander in chief, the Congress made arangements to issue currency, borrow money, buys supplies and negotiate with foreign countries--as a result the Second Continental Congress became America's first government, and although it had not Constitutional basis, it remained in effect for six years. |
| Constitutional Convention | called in 1787 to amend the Articles of Confederation, instead the delegates devised a document that is today the oldest written constitution. |
| Connecticut Compromise | proposed by Roger Sherman and also known as The Great Compromise; the delegates agreed the national legislature would be bicameral, with the upper house (Senate) having two senators per state and the lower house (House of Representatives) having representatives chosen based on each state's population.--Resolved the most serios conflict facing the convention, the question of representation. |
| 3/5's Compromise | grew out of conflicts between northern and southern states; is stated that three-fifths of the number of enslaved people could be counted for representation and taxing purposes |
| Federalists | favored a strong central government and supported the Constitution |
| Antifederalists | suspicious of a strong-central government, believed that the new government would destroy the rights of states and freedoms of the people, said the Constitution needed a bill of rights |
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