1.
Aqueous humor: Fluid found between the cornea and the lens (fluids keep lens clean and help maintain eye shape). This is the outermost fluid.
2.
At risk for stroke: People with high blood pressure
Hardening of arteries
Too much extra weight
People who smoke
People under a lot of stress
3.
Balance: When we move, our inner ear fluids also move. Nerve endings pick up movement and send balance messages to brain. Our eyes also help.
4.
Cataracts: Physical changes as we get older/injury or illness-->Normally clear eye lens becomes cloudy-->Cloudy vision. Treatment: Operation and corrective glasses.
5.
Cause of Glaucoma: Common threat to adult eyes. Pressure in the eyes is caused by aqueous humor not draining properly. Pressure builds, small blood vessels in back of eye squeeze shut, eye nerves begin to die.
6.
Cochlea: The hearing organ of the ear. Turns sound vibrations into signals that get sent through the auditory nerves.
7.
Cornea: Transparent. Covers the lens muscle, iris and pupil. Curved so as to change the direction of incoming light rays and allow us to focus on an image that makes sense.
8.
Ear: Purpose: Hearing and balance.
3 parts:
1) Outer ear: outside the body, has outer ear canal.
2) Middle ear: this is a small cavity between ear drum and inner ear. Three bones bridge it. Eustachian tube connects inner ear to the back of the nose.
3) Inner ear: filled with fluid. Contains auditory nerve endings for hearing and balance.
9.
Electroencephalogram (EEG): Provides a recording of the brain's electrical activity, detecting seizure activity, tumors or injuries in the brain.
10.
Epilepsy: Caused by brain cells sending "an electrical storm" of nerve signals that spread through brain, resulting in seizure.
11.
Epilepsy treatment: Drug treatment
12.
How we discern sounds: Sound makes vibrations in air-->they vibrate the eardrum-->middle ear passes them to the ear fluid-->Cochlea turns vibrations into signals sent to auditory nerves-->Cochlea's nerve endings pick up vibrations in the fluid and send nerve impulses to the brain-->Brain turns nerve impulses into sounds we hear.
13.
Iris: Colored part of eye. Controls how much light we see by widening and diminishing its center, the "pupil."
14.
Lens muscles: Bend, change shape and contract to allow incoming light to focus on the nerve endings at the back of the eye. This allows us to see objects at dif. distances.
15.
Neurologist: Medical specialist: Takes care of the health of the nervous system and the brain.
16.
Neurosurgeon: Performs surgery on parts of the nervous system
17.
Ophthalmologist: Medical specialist: Deals with the health of the eyes.
18.
Optic nerve: Connected to the retina by nerve fibers. The fibers allow the retina to send a message to the brain so that the brain can interpret the image.
19.
Optometrist: Medical specialist: Deals with specific problems with a person's vision.
20.
Otorhinolaryngologist: Medical specialist: Deals with ears, nose and throat. Works in both the nervous system and the respiratory system because ear, nose and throat are connected and often have connected problems.
21.
Pupil: Center of the iris. Opens to allow us to see more in dim light. Gets smaller to protect the eye from bright light.
22.
Retina: Located at the back of the eye; it is where the light is focused. Contains nerve fibers that connect to the "optic nerve".
23.
Stroke: Occurs when blood supply to a part of the brain is stopped and that part becomes damaged. Body functions controlled by that part can then be temporarily or permanently lost.
24.
Symptoms of Glaucoma: Usually begins with loss of peripheral vision, gradually narrowing a person's range of vision: "tunnel vision".
25.
Treatment for stroke: Proper exercise, physical therapy and aid of family and friends
26.
Treatment of Glaucoma: Lower the pressure in the eye with certain drugs or by an operation. If left untreated, can cause blindness.
27.
Two types of seizures:: 1) Grand Mal (Big; violent muscle contraction and shaking. Person is unconscious. Lasts 2-5 min, after which they may not remember it.)
2) Petit Mal (Small, mainly with children. Frequently stare blankly for 10-30 seconds and are unaware of what is going on. Linked with learning problems.)
28.
Vitreous humor: Fluid found between lens and retina (fluids keep lens clean and help maintain eye shape). This is the innermost fluid.
29.
What to do if someone has a seizure: Do not try to stop it.
Help to lie down and loosen tight clothing
Turn head to side
Remove any potentially dangerous objects.
Help person to get over feeling lost and embarrassed.
