Chapter 9
Order by
30 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 cell communication | gives cells capacity to sense changes in its environment, isolates cell, allows division of function in multicellular organisms |
| signals | agents that cause changes in properties of cells |
| receptors | present on plasma membrane-- receptors of signals relay message to cell by conformational change |
| nitric oxide signal | causes contraction of muscles |
| ethaneen | signals fruit to ripen |
| direct intracellular signaling | cells are directly in contact, there is no space between them, called gap junctions in animal cells |
| contact dependent signaling | some molecules are bound to the surface of cells to serve, signal can not move it is bound to targeting signal, i.e. red blood cells |
| autocrine signaling | singal will bind to receptors of itself and also to receptors of cells of the same type, when cell is ready to divide autocrine signal will dignal division or arrestation, is secreted into fluid |
| paracrine signaling | localized, short lived, synaptic gap, signal is secreted in synaptic gap to come in contact w/ other cells |
| endrocrine signaling | lipid soluable agents that can't be broken down, long signals, e.g. etholene |
| 3 stages of cell signaling | see microsoft |
| Ligand | signaling molecule, binds non covalently to receptor with high degree of specificity, binding and release between receptor and ligand is relatively rapid, induces conformational change, sometimes you need certain concentration |
| Enzyme linked receptors | not only recieves signal, functions as catalyst, binds in extracellular environment, intracellular domain is where catalysis takes place |
| Kinase | cerine, threonynin, can phosphorylate themselves or other compounds or both-- indoing so activate the cell |
| G protein coupled receptors | passes through membrane 7x, is on cytosolic side of plasma membrane, bound to guansyndisphosphate or guanosyntriphosphate |
| g protein binding process | see microsoft |
| ligand gated ion channels | is receptor, not facilitated diffusion, don't have to pay attnetion to gradients, allows ions to bind to change conformation, has 2 binding sights, found along nerve cells and muscle cells |
| intracellular receptors | inside cytosol of the nucleus |
| estrogens interaction with intracellular receptors | see microsoft |
| auxins interaction with intracellular receptor | see microsoft |
| signal transduction and cellular response | see microsoft |
| enzyme linked kynases | phosphate to themselves, to others, or transfer from themselves to others |
| protein kinase cascade | see microsoft |
| second messengers | ion or molecules that relay message in to cell, convert intracellular messages to intra cellular membrane, examples are ca+, CAMP, inositol triphosphate & diacylglycerol |
| difference between cAMP and AMP | bound to 5th and 3rd carbon, not just 5th |
| signal transduction via CAMP | see microsoft |
| 2 advantages of cAMP as messengers | signal amplification, spped |
| signal transduction via ca2+ | membrane bound organelles have high concentration, calcium enters through pump to to higher concentration by primary active transport or secondary active transport see microsoft |
| Epinephrin | an example of signal transduction bia calcium channels, different effects throughout the body, heart muscle cells, contraction controled by calcium channells, calcium stored in sarcoplasmic reticulum, binds to troponin leading to muscle contraction, dropping calcium causes muscle to relax through phosphorylation, quick series of contraction to relaxation in fight or flight mode, hense increased cardiac rhythm. |
| Caffiene | has ability to deactive phosphodyaspherase which removes cAMP therefore our body thinks epinephrine is present, or behaves as though it is |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.