cahp 9 intelligence and iq testing
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28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 intelligence quotient | systematic means of quantifying differences among people in their intelligence |
| intelligence test | diagnostic tool designed to measure overall thinking ability |
| abstract thinking | capacity to understand hypothetical concepts |
| g (general intelligence) | hypothetical factor that accounts for overall differences in intellect among people |
| s (specific abilities) | particular ability level in a narrow domain |
| fluid intelligence | capacity to learn new ways of solving problems |
| crystallized intelligence | accumulated knowledge of the world over time |
| multiple intelligences | idea that people vary in their ability levels across different domains of intellectual skill |
| triarchic model | model of intelligence proposed by Robert Sternberg positing three distinct types of intelligene: analytical, practical and creative |
| mental age | age corresponding to the average individual's performance on an intelligence test |
| deviation IQ | expression of a person's IQ relative to his or her same-aged peers |
| eugenics | movement in the early 20th century to improve a population's genetic stock by encouraging those with good genes to reproduce, preventing those with bad genes from reproducing, or both |
| association fallacy | error of confusing a claim's validity with the people that advocate it |
| Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) | most widely used intelligence test for adults today, consisting of fourteen subtests to assess different types of mental abilities |
| Stanford-Binet IQ test | intelligence test based on the measure developed by Binet and Simon, adapted Lewis Terman of Stanford University |
| culture-fair IQ tests | abstract reasoning items that don't depend on language and are often believed to be less influenced by cultural factors than other IQ tests |
| bell curve | distribution of scores in which the bulk of the scores fall toward the middle, with progressively fewer scores toward the "tails" or extremes |
| mental retardation | condition characterized by an onset prior to adulthood, an IQ below about 70, and an inability to engage in adequate daily functioning |
| Flynn effect | finding that average IQ scores have been rising at a rate of approximately 3 points per decade |
| test bias | tendency of a test to predict outcomes better in one group than another |
| within-group heritability | extent to which the variability of a trait within a group is genetically influenced |
| between-group heritability | extent to which differences in a trait between groups is geneitcally influenced |
| stereotype threat | fear that we may confirm a negative group stereotype |
| divergent thinking | capacity to generate many different solutions to a problem |
| convergent thinking | capacity to generate the single best solution to a problem |
| emotional intelligence | ability to understand our own emotions and those of others, and to apply this information to our daily lives |
| ideological immune system | our psychological defenses against evidence that contradicts our views |
| wisdom | application of intelligence toward a common good |
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