F451 APMCs Literary Terms
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Created by:
audgepodge10 on November 14, 2010
Subjects:
vocabulary words, pre-ap english, english
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38 terms
Latin | English |
|---|---|
| Allegory |  a story with a hidden or symbolic meaning.ex. Animal Farm. |
| Alliteration | the purposeful repetition of the initial consonant sounds. ex. "Let us go forth to lead the land we love." |
| Allusion | a reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art. ex. Tower of Babel. |
| Anaphora | one of the devices of repetition, in which the same expression (word or words) is repeated at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences. ex. "We shall... We shall... We shall..." |
| Anecdote | a short, often autobiographical, narrative told to achieve a purpose such as to provide an example, an illustration, or thematic truth. |
| Antithesis | a direct contrast of structually parallel word groupings, generally for the purpose of contrast. ex. sink or swim. |
| Aphorism | a statement of some general principle, expresses memorably by condensing much wisdom into a few words. ex. "Without pain there is no gain." |
| Apostrophe | a figure of speech in which a speaker directly adresses an inanimate object or an absent person or a personified quality. ex. O Romeo. "Death be not proud". |
| Balanced Sentence | in grammar, a sentence with two clauses or phrases of fairly equal in length and strength for clarity ex. "The novel concentrates on character; the film intensifies the violence," is a balanced sentence. |
| Chiasmus | parallel structure in inverted/mirror form- two corresponding pairs arranged not in parrallels (a-b-a-b) but in inverted order (a-b-b-a). ex. "The truth is the light and the light is the truth.". |
| Conceit | an elaborate, complex metaphor or simile comparing two extremely disssimilar things. |
| Cumulative Sentence | same as a loose sentence, this sentece makes complete sense if brought to a close before actual ending. Begins with the main ideas and then expands on that idea with a series of details or other particulars. (opposite of periodic sentence.). |
| Ellipsis | the deliberate omission of a word or words implied by the context and by the parrallel structure. ex. "To err is human; to forgive, divine." .... |
| Epiphany | a sudden understanding or realization which prior to this time was not thought of or understood. |
| Euphemism | a device where being indirect replaces directness to avoid embarrassment or unpleasantness. ex. rest room for toliet. |
| Foreshadowing | the use in literary work of clues that suggest events that have yet to occur. |
| Hyperbole | a deliberate exaggeration or overstatement. ex. we have been walking for years!. |
| Irony | the general name give to literary techniques that involve difference between apperance and reality, expectation and result, or meaning and intention. ex. fireman dieing in a fire. |
| Litotes | a form of understatement in which a thing is affirmed by stating the negative of its opposite. ex. it was not a pretty picture. |
| Metaphor | a figure of speech in which one thing is spoken as though it were something else. ex. life is a broken-winged bird. |
| Metonymy | a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. ex. i love shakespear. (you dont really love the man, you love his works.). |
| Non Sequitur | besides being a very funny cartoon strip, it is a latin term which refers to a conclusion or inference that does not logically follow. |
| Onomatopeia | the use of words to imitate sounds. ex. crack. |
| Oxymoron | a two-word figure of speech that combines two opposing or contradictory ideas. ex. freezing fire. |
| Parable | a short allegorical story designed to illustrate or teach some truth, religious principle, or moral lesson. a statement or comment that conveys a meaning indirectly by the use of comparison, analogy, or the like. moral, told to someone else. |
| Paradox | an assertion seemingly opposed to common sense, but may yet have some truth in it. ex. "What a pity that youth must be wasted on the young.". |
| Pathos | that quality in a real situation or in a literary work which evokes sympathy and a feeling of sorrow/pity, usually indicating a helpless suffering caused by outside forces. ex. the animal cruelity commercials. |
| Periodic Sentence | a sentence that places the mian idea or central complete thought at the end of the sentece, after all introductory elements. this effect is a kind of suspence, as a reader's attention is propelled towards the end. (opposite of a cumulative sentence.). |
| Personification | a type of figurative language in which a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics. ex. the house jumped. |
| Polysyndenton | the repetion or conjunctions in a series of coordinate words, phrases, or clauses. ex. and... and... and.... |
| Simile | a figure of speech in which like, as, or than is used to make a comparison between two basically unlike subjects. ex. she is as flighty as a sparrow. |
| Syllepsis | a construction in which one word seems to be in the same grammatical relation to two or more words but, in fact, is not. ex. he lost both his coat and his temper. |
| Syllogism | a form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion. transitive property; a=b b=c, the a=c. ex. all men are mortal; Socrates is a man; therefore, Socrates is mortal. |
| Symbolism | an object that has its own meaning, but also represents an abstract idea. ex. flag representing our country. |
| Synecdoche | a form of metaphor in which part of something is used to stand for the whole thing. ex. all hands on deck. |
| Synesthesia | the concurrent response of two or more of the senses to the stimulation of one. ex. a loud shirt. |
| Syntax | the physical arrangement of words in a sentence. |
| Understatement | saying less than is actually meant, generally in an ironic way. ex. saying pretty fair but meaning splendid. |
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