1.
California Gold Rush: 1848 gold was discovered in CA and many fled to the state
-disrupted the balance of slave vs. free states
-therefore applied for free statehood and avoided becoming a slave state
2.
Comodore Matthew C. Perry: the commander of a fleet of warships sent by Fillmore
asked/coerced/forced them to open up their nation
-treaty of Kanagawa (1854) formerly opened Japan
-broke Japan's tradition of isolation and started them down a road of modernization and then imperialism and militarism
3.
Compromise of 1850: NORTH got: 1) CA=free
2) TX lost its disputed territory to New Mexico and Oklahoma
3) DC couldn't have slave trade, but it was still legal
SOUTH: 1) popular sovereignty in Mexican cession lands
2) TX recieves $10 million
3) a tougher Fugitive slave law of 1850 (bloodhound Bill)
-led to the destruction of the Whigs
4.
Franklin Pierce: 14th U.S. President. 1853-1857. Democratic
- his election was a result of hte Whigs split
-was prepared to be a Southern tool b/c his cabinet was full of Southerners
5.
Free Soil Party: Anti-slavery Northeners
-against the extension of slavery in the territories and advocatedfederal aid for internal improvements and urged free govt. homesteads for settlers
-Nominated Martin van Buren against Zach Taylor
6.
Gadsen Purchase: a strip of land under NM for $10 mil
-enabled the South to claim the coveted railroad
7.
Kansas Nebraska Act: let slavery in Kansas and Nebraska be decided upon by popular sovereignty
-but the Misouri Compromise banned slavery above the 36 30 line, so it would have to be repealed
8.
Ostend Manifesto: 1854
stated that the US was to offer $120 million to Spain for CUba and if it refused and Spain;s ownership of the land continued to endanger the US, then AMerica would be justified in seizing the land (sell or it'll be taken)
9.
President Millard Fillmore: 13th Whig 1850
took over for ZAch Taylor
-signed compromise of 1850
10.
President Zachary Taylor: 12th Whig, 1849
11.
Republican Party: Democratic party was split in two in 1854
12.
Sen Daniel Webster (Mass.): Northener
new land couldn't hold slaves anyways and the SEVENTH OF MARCH SPEECH helped move North into compromise
seen as a traitor to the N because he ignored the slavery issue
13.
Sen Stephen A Douglass of Ill.: proposed the Kansas Nebraska Act
14.
Sen. John C. Calhoun (South Carolina): pleaded for states' rights and for slavery to be left alone, for return of runaways and return to political balance
15.
Senator Henry Clay (Kentucky): urged concession from both the NMorth and South as a member of southern govt.
-aka the great compromiser