Bio Chapter 1 Review
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Created by:
mtucker112 on November 16, 2010
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Biology | Study of life |
| All living things perform the following | Responsiveness, Growth, Reproduction, Movement, Metabolism |
| Anatomy | Study of external and internal structure and physical relationships between body parts |
| Physiology | Study of how living organisms perform their vital function |
| Cytology | Analyzes the internal structure of individual cells |
| Histology | Examines tissues |
| Tissues | Groups of specialized cells and cell products that work together to perform specific functions |
| Levels of organizations | Molecular, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ system, and Organism |
| Cystic Fibrosis | Something that affects a system will ultimately affect each of the system's components |
| Homeostatic regulation | Refers to the adjustments in physiological sytems that preserve homeostasis |
| Homeostatic regulation involves | A receptor that is sensitive to a particular environment, control center that receives and processes information from receptor, and an effector that responds to the commands of the control center |
| Integumentary system | Organ system that includes hair, skin, sweat glands, sensory receptors,subcutaneous layer, cutaneous membrane, and nails. |
| Functions of Integumentary system | Covers surface, nourishes epidermis, produce hair, produce perspiration for evaporative cooling, protect and stiffen distal tips of digits, stores fat, and provides sensations of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain |
| Skeletal system | The bodily system that consists of the bones, their associated cartilages, and the joints, and supports and protects the body, produces blood cells, and stores minerals. |
| Muscular system | The bodily system that is composed of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissue and functions in movement of the body or of materials through the body, maintenance of posture, and heat production. |
| Nervous system | consists of brain, spinal cord, and nerves and regulates the body's responses to internal and external stimuli |
| Endocrine system | consists of glands that secrete chemicals into the bloodstream that help control bodily functioning |
| Cardiovascular system | the body system that consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, and that carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells |
| Lymphoid system | Defends against infection and disease; returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream. Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus. |
| Respiratory system | The organ system responsible for the intake of oxygen and diffusion of that gas into the blood and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the body. Important structures of the system are the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs. |
| Digestive system | breaks down foods into nutrients that can be used by the body, absorbs nutrients, & rids body of solid wastes. Includes salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, gallbaldder, pancreas, and large intestine |
| Urinary system | consisting of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, removes wastes from the blood and helps to maintain water and electrolyte balance |
| Negative feedback | mechanism of homeostasis that tends to stabilize a process by reducing its rate or output |
| Positive feedback | mechanism of homeostasis feedback that tends to magnify a process or increase its output |
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