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Rome Most important are the Po River Valley in the north; the plain of Latium, where Rome is located Latins Latins lived in the region of Latium Sicily Southern Italy occupied eastern Sicily, an island south of the Italian peninsula. Etruscans Most influenced the early development of Rome Republic In a republic the leader is not a monarch and some citizens have the right to vote Patricians wealthy land owners plebeians less wealthy land owners, small farmers, crafts people, and merchants Consuls and Praetors The chief executive officers of the Roman Republic wer Consuls and Praetors. Roman Senate The Roman Senate came to hold an especially important position in the Roman Republic. Carthage Founded by the Pheonicians Hannibal The greatest Carthaginian general, struck back, beginning the Second Punic War. Alps Hannibal decided to bring war to Rome. Hannibal entered Spain, moved east, and across the Alps with and army of about 46,000 men.