| Term | Definition |
| Selvas | the dense rain forest vegetation of South America's Amazon Basin |
| Altiplano | The broad highland plain between the eastern and western ridges of the Andes in Peru and Bolivia |
| El nino | a weather pattern, involving a warming of part of the Pacific ocean, that occurs every five to ten years and causes a decrease in fish, and an increase in flooding in some areas |
| Terrorism | the use of violence as a means of political power |
| Coup | an overthrow of an existing government by another political or military group |
| Cartel | a group of bussiness organizations that agree to limit supplies of a product and thereby keep prices high |
| Latifundia | a system in which tenant farmers work part of the land for their own food in return for their labor |
| Minifundio | when the governmetn divides large estates into small farms for families |
| Galapogas islands | islands in the Pacific Ocean west of and belonging to Ecuador |
| Lake Titicaca | the lake between Bolivia and Peru; highest lake in the world on which ships can travel |