Cardiovascular AP Ex3
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Pulmonary circuit | Heart ⇒ Lungs ⇒ Heart Right ventricle & pulmonary pump |
| Systematic circuit | Heart ⇒ Brain ⇒ Heart Left ventricle & pulmonary trunk |
| auricles | "ears" extendable flaps of atria |
| coronary sulcus | groove between atria, location for coronary vessels |
| coronary vessels | blood supply to heart tissue |
| interventricular sulcus | groove between ventricles, location for coronary vessels |
| Pericardium | outermost layer or epicardium |
| myocardium | middle layer of cardiac muscle makes division between R and L of heart Super slippery |
| endocardium | inner layer of endothelium (simple squamous cells) |
| Heart Cells | Contractile cells (99%) do the work Conductile cells (1%) send a signal |
| contractile cells | 99% of heart cells cardiac muscle cells that contract and relax. work together to propel the blood |
| conductile cells | 1% of heart cells special neuron/muscle combination cells form an electrical network through the heart function to send the conduction signal to the contractile cells EKG RHYTHM |
| Heartbeat (steps) | Heartbeat = electrical conducting system SA node (pacemaker) AV node (contracts atria) bundle of His (contracts ventricles) R and L bundle branches Purkinje fibers |
| SA node | step 1 of heartbeat "pacemaker" starts the heartbeat located in upper wall of R Atrium |
| AV node | slight delay, sends signal across the R & L atria located in lower wall of R Atrium contracts atria |
| bundle of His/AV bundle | sends signals to ventricles located at top of interventricular septum contracts ventricles |
| R & L bundle branches | sends signal down interventricular septum |
| Purkinje fibers | sends signal up walls of ventricles |
| arteries | ALWAYS carry blood AWAY from the heart can be elastic or muscular to help maintain blood pressure have thick muscular walls vessel |
| arterioles | smaller arteries that leas to capillary beds vessel |
| capillaries | found in networks called capillary beds have muscular sphincters to regulate blood flow site of exchange for O2 and CO2, nutrients, wastes, hormones vessel |
| venules | smaller veins, drain capillary beds vessel |
| veins | ALWAYS carry blood TO THE HEART thin walls, often collapse, lack muscle large lumen to help return blood under low pressure to the heart has valves that are similar to semilunar heart valves that keeps blood going back up tp R atrium contraction of surrounding skeletal muscles help propel venous blood toward the heart |
| Capillary bed | the ONLY WAY in/out of blood system |
| systole | heart chamber contracts to propel blood SQUEEZE |
| diastole | heart chamber relaxes to fill with blood DRINK |
| P waves | 1st bump in EKG Both atria contract ventricles fill up (depolarize) |
| QRS complex | 2nd bump (spike) in EKG biggest electrical pulse both R&L ventricles contract (depolarize) atria relax |
| T wave | 3rd bump in EKG happens when ventricles are dinking (relax) and filling with blood (repolarize) |
| EKG | Electrocardiogram |
| AED | Automatic External Defibrillator |
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