1.
In meiosis, what happens at the anaphase step of mitosis?: Homologous pairs separate, rather than sister chromatids.
2.
What are DNA nucleotides made of?: A sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a base.
3.
What are oncogenes?: Abnormal genes that cause cancer that can cause cells to divide without going back into interphase.
4.
What are the 2 regulation genes?: The stimulation gene to start mitosis and the suppressor gene to stop it.
5.
What are the differences between RNA and DNA?: Ribose instead of dioxyribose, uracil rather than thymine.
6.
What are the problems with cancer cells?: Don't do a job but take nutrients from surroundings, block nerve connections, keep organs from functioning properly, and can enter blood and spread.
7.
What can a producer do with glucose after it's made in photosynthesis?: Use it as energy, store it in roots as starch, convert it to cellulose to build cell walls, or convert it to other biomolecules if its short on those.
8.
What enzyme helps RNA copy DNA?: Polymerase.
9.
What is ATP made of?: Adenine, ribose, 3 phosphates.
10.
What is DNA made of?: Nucleotides.
11.
What is the chemical formula of alcoholic fermentation?: C6 H12 O6 > 2 C2 H5 O H + 2 CO2 + 2ATP.
12.
What is the chemical formula of lactic acid fermentation?: C6 H12 O6 > 2 C3 H6 O3 + 2 CO2 + 2ATP
13.
What is the molecular formula for ribose?: C5 H10 O5
14.
What is the molecular formula of adenine?: C5 H5 O5
15.
What is the molecular formula of one phosphate group on an ATP molecule?: C3 P1 O4
16.
What is the wavy and squiggly material in mitochondria that increases surface area for chemical reactions?: Cristae.
17.
Who discovered DNA? When?: James Watson and Francis Crick. 1953.
18.
Why do leaves change color in the fall?: H2O is too cold to be absorbed and days are shorter. Chlorophyll dies off with chloroplasts to save energy.