| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Adversarial System | legal system where alleged criminal is publicly accused, tried in public, judge does not as as prosecutor ... two different parties |
| Affrimative Action | steps to remedy past discrimination is hiring, promotion, education |
| Appeal | take a case to hgher court |
| Appellate Court | court in which appeals from trial courts are heard |
| Arbitration | resolving a method using a neutral third party |
| Bail | amount set by court to release the accused from court |
| Bill of Rights | 1st 10 amendments |
| Booking | formal process of making a police record of an arrest |
| Civil Law | private law (non criminal law) |
| Concurring Opinion | written statement by a judge that agrees with result in opinion but not with reasoning |
| Criminal Law | adminstrative, investigative, enforcement of criminal justice |
| Defendant | the person/party accused of crime |
| Dissenting Opinion | written disagreement by a minority of judges on a court witht he majority in a trial or appeal |
| Due Process | legal proceedings according to those rules which the system has established and enforces |
| Error of law | mistake made by a judge in legal procedures or ruling during a trial; basis to appeal the case |
| Equitable | just, fair and right for a particular situation |
| Federalism | relationship between individual states and national government |
| Felony | serious crimes; punishable by death or imprisonment for a year or more |
| Grand Jury | 12- 23 people who hear preliminary evidence to decide if there is sufficient reason to formally charge a person with a crime |
| Initiative | voters can propose a law and submit it to electorate or legislature for approval |
| Interrogation | those who question a witness or suspected criminal |
| Inquistional System | european method of handling disputes in which judge plays an active role in gathering and presenting evidence and questioning witnesses |
| Judicial Review | courts decide whether laws passed by congress or states are constitutional |
| Jurisdiction | territory within which an authority may experience its power |
| Litigator | lawyer |
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