Chapter 5 & 6 Vocabulary
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 James Madison | Father of the Constitution |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | Agreement to count slaves as 60% of a person when it came to representation in Congress |
| Great Compromise | Compromise made by Constitutional Convention in which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislature and representation based on population in the other house |
| republic | a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them |
| checks and balances | A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power |
| legislative branch | the branch of government that makes the laws. |
| executive branch | the branch of government that carries out laws |
| judicial branch | The branch of government that interprets laws |
| Federalists | supporters of the stronger central govt. who advocated the ratification of the new constitution |
| Antifederalists | opponents of a strong central government who campaigned against the ratification of the Constitution in favor of a confederation of independant states |
| Bill of Rights | The first ten amendments to the Constitution |
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | A law that divided much of the United States into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers. |
| "The Federalist Papers" | Series of newspaper articles written by John Hay, James Madison and Alexander Hamilton which enumerated arguments in favor of the Constitution and refuted the arguments of the anti-federalists |
| delegated powers | Powers specifically given to the federal government by the US Constitution, for example, the authority to print money. |
| strict construction | way of interpreting the Constitution that allows the federal government to take only those actions the Constitution specifically says it can take |
| loose construction | belief that the government can do anything that the constitution does not prohibit |
| cabinet | a group of advisors to the president |
| Judiciary Act of 1789 | Congress passed this Act which created the federal-court system. |
| sectionalism | loyalty to one's own region of the country, rather than to the nation as a whole |
| nullification | the states'-rights doctrine that a state can refuse to recognize or to enforce a federal law passed by the United States Congress |
| Tecumseh | a famous chief of the Shawnee who tried to unite Indian tribes against the increasing white settlement (1768-1813) |
| Judicial Review | the power of the Supreme Court to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national governments unconstitutional |
| Aaron Burr | United States politician who served as Vice President under Jefferson |
| Little Turtle | Chief of the Miami who led a Native American alliance that raided U.S. settlements in the Northwest Territory. He was defeated and forced to sign the Treaty of Greenville. Later, he became an advocate for peace |
| Treaty of Ghent | treaty that ended the war of 1812 |
| Andrew Jackson | 7th president of the US; successfully defended New Orleans from the British in 1815; expanded the power of the presidency |
| Impressment | British practice of taking American sailors and forcing them into military service |
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