Chapter 4 Periodic Table
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 John Newlands | english chemist that arranged the 16 known elements by atomic mass |
| Dmitri Mendeleev | organized the 65 known elements by atomic mass, left spaces for unknown elements |
| Henry Moseley | english chemist that arranged the periodic table according to increasing atomic number |
| Periodic Law | states that the physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers |
| main group elements | elements belonging to groups 1,2,3-8, they have a regular pattern for electron configurations |
| metals | elements in groups 1-12 as well as some in 13, 14, and 15 |
| non-metals | right of the stair-step but not touching it, -dull, brittle, nonconductors/insulators |
| metalloids or semimetals | touch stair-step, proporties of metals and non metals |
| alkali metals | (Group 1)highly reactive and conductors of electricity |
| alkaline earth metals | (Group 2) slightly reactive, common in earths crust, harder and denser than Group 1 |
| transition metals | d&f block, b group |
| halogens | (Group 7A) salt forming |
| noble gases | (Group 8A) cant bond because they have 8 valence electrons |
| salts | a compound composed of a metal and a halogen. The are + and - ions arranged in a 3D pattern. |
| octet | when the outer energy level is full with 8 valence electrons |
| lanthanides | (rare earth metals) first period in f block shiny metallic metals |
| actinides | (rare earth metals) second period in f block |
| alloy | a solid or liquid solutions of 2 or more metals |
| crystal | a substance in which atoms are arranged in an orderly geometric repeating patter in 3D |
| atomic size | how big the atoms are |
| ionization energy | how much energy is needed to remove the electron from the outmost energy level |
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