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Tributary A stream that runs into other streams. A River System A river and all of its tributaries. Watershed/ Drainage Basin Includes all the land that drains into the rivers either directly or through tributaries. Divide High land that separates one drainage basin from another. Velocity in a stream Is the distance that water travels in a given amount of time. Gradient The steepness of the slope of a stream or river. Discharge The amount or volume of water that passes a certain point in a given amount of time in a river. How do streams weather and erode? Running water in streams and rivers wears down the earth surface by breaking up bed rock. Potholes Deep oval or circular basins formed when water in rivers develop whirlpools making sand pebbles and more grind holes. Load Eroded rock and soil materials that are transported downstream by rivers. What happens to the material carried by suspension? The water becomes muddy. What materials are carried by suspension? Clay, silt, and fine sand. What is the bed load made of? Sand, pebbles, and boulders that are to heavy to be carried in suspension. What is Competence? Competence is a measure that describes the maximum size of the particles a stream can carry. What is Capacity? Capacity is a measure of the total amount of sediment a stream can carry. Does river velocity decrease or increase if its channel gets wider? The river Decreases when its channel gets wider. Does a rivers discharge increase or decrease when people divert water for irrigation? The rivers discharge will decrease. Delta A fan-shaped deposit that forms when a river flows into a large body of water. Which method of flood prevention uses black swamps? Construction of spillways What types of bedrock are dissolved most easily by running water? Limestone and Marble Which method of flood prevention reduces runoff? Replanting vegetation at the headwater regions of watershed