Cell Structure and Function
Order by
42 terms
Sundanese | English |
|---|---|
| Actin Filament |  Plants, AnimalsLong, thin flexible protein fibers that occur in web. Play a structural role and allow for movement of cell and organelles. |
| Capsule | Bacteria Layer of polysaccharides outside of the cell wall that is well-organized and not easily washed off. |
| Cell Envelope | Bacteria Includes the plasma membrane, the cell wall, and the glycocalyx. |
| Cell Wall | Plants, Bacteria Outer surface that supports, shapes, and protects cell. |
| Central Vacuole | Plants Fluid filled sac that maintains turgor pressure, stores waste and nutrients, and degrades organelles as the cells ages. |
| Centrioles | Animals Short cylinders of microtubles that are basal bodies for cilia and flagella. Are in centrosome. |
| Basal Bodies | Centrioles forming the bases of cilia and flagella. |
| Centrosome | Plants, Animals Controls microtuble assembly, lies near nucleus, helps maintain shape of the cell, and acts as tracks on which organelles can move. |
| Chloroplast | Plants Convert energy into form that can be used by cell. Have own DNA and ribosomes. E+CO2+H2O=Glucose+Oxygen |
| Chromatin | Plants, Animals Found in nucleus. Network of strands that turns into chromosomes just before the cell divides. Contains DNA and protein. |
| Chromoplasts | Plants Plastid that is responsible for color in plants. |
| Cilia | Animals Hairlike projections that help cells move, and help keep area clean. |
| Cytoplasm | Plants, Animals, Bacteria Semi-fluid solution with water and inorganic and organic molecules encased by a plasma membrane. Contains organelles and enzymes. |
| Cytoskeleton | Plants, Animals Maintains cell shape and assists movement of cell parts. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum (rough) | Plants, Animals Proteins are produced here and carried via vesicles to the Golgi apparatus. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth) | Plants, Animals Lipids are produced here. |
| Fimbriae | Bacteria Hairlike bristles that extend from surface and allow for adhesion to a surface. |
| Flagellum | Animals, Bacteria Rotating filament that pushes the cell forward. |
| Glycocalyx | Bacteria Gel-like coating outside of cell wall. |
| Golgi Apparatus | Plants, Animals Sorts lipids and proteins, modifies them, and packages them into vesicles. |
| Inclusion Bodies | Bacteria Store nutrients/other substances for later use. |
| Intermediate Filaments | Plants, Animals Protein fibers of intermediate size that provide support and strength. |
| Leucoplast | Plants Colorless plastid that synthesizes and stores starches and oils. |
| Lysosomes | Animals Produced by the Golgi apparatus, vesicles that digest/break down worn out substances. |
| Mesosome | Bacteria Membrane that folds into cytoplasm and increases surface area. |
| Microtubles | Plants, Animals Small cylinders of protein that allow cell to move and maintain its shape. Assembled by centrosome. |
| Middle Lamella | Plants Cements together the primary cell walls and adjacent plant cells. |
| Mitochondria | Plants, Animals Converts carbohydrates produced by chloroplasts to ATP (cellular respiration). |
| Nuclear Envelope | Plants, Animals Double membrane with nuclear pores than encloses nucleus. Outer layer. |
| Nuclear Pores | Plants, Animals Small holes on nuclear envelope. Permit passage of proteins into nucleus and ribosomal subunits and mRNA out of nucleus. |
| Nucleoid | Bacteria Contains DNA of bacteria in a single coiled chromosome. |
| Nucleolus | Animals, Plants Dark region of chromatin where rRNA is produced and where rRNA joins with proteins to form the subunits of ribosomes. |
| Nucleus | Animals, Plants Structure that houses DNA, and helps rib0somes carry out protein synthesis. |
| Peroxisomes | Animals, Plants Vesicles that enclose enzymes, helps break down hydrogen peroxide into water from breaking down fatty acids. |
| Plasma Membrane | Plants, Animals, Bacteria Outer surface that regulates entrance and exit of molecules. |
| Plasmid | Bacteria Extra/accessory piece of DNA, ring. Used in production of new medicines. |
| Plastid | Plants Organelles that are bounded by a double bond and have internal membranes and vesicles. Storage and energy production. |
| Polyribosomes | Plants, Animals Ribosomes that occur in groups simultaneously synthesizing the same protein. |
| Ribosomes | Plants, Animals, Bacteria Create/synthesize proteins. |
| Sex Pili | Bacteria Elongated, hollow appendage used for DNA transfer to other bacteria cells. |
| Vacuole | Animals, Plants Membrane-bounded sac larger than a vesicle that stores substances. |
| Vesicles | Animals, Plants Membrane-bounded sac that stores substances. Transports substances as well. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.