Muscular System (Bio101)
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Synaptic Knob | End of an axon that contains vesicles filled with the neurotransmitter acetylcholine |
| Myofibrils | A functional level of muscle tissue made up of actin and myosin filaments. These are responsible for muscle contractions |
| Sarcomere | Basic functional unit of a muscle cell. |
| Muscle Tone | A partial but sustained muscle contraction. Common in muscles of the back |
| All-or-none Response | When a muscle fiber descides to contract, it will contract completely |
| Isometric contractions | Contraction of muscles without changing the length of the muscle. Example: standing at attention, pushing a wall |
| Creatine Phosphate | An energy supply for the synthesis of ATP molecules. |
| Myoglobin | Protein molecule that stores oxygen |
| Hypertrophy | Muscle growth from training or usage |
| Atrophy | Lack of muscle usage leading to decrease size, tone, and power |
| Isotonic Contractions | Contraction of muscles that changes the length of the muscle. Examples: lifting objects, running |
| ATP | Energy source for muscle contractions. Without it muscles may cramp and not contract |
| Skeletal Muscle | Voluntary, striated muscle found through out the entire body |
| Cardiac Muscle | Involuntary, striated muscle found only in the heart. Contains intercalated disks |
| Smooth Muscle | Involuntary, non-striated muscle found in vessels and organs. |
| Origin | Less moveable end of muscle attachment. Fixed end |
| Insertion | Moveable end of muscle attachment. |
| Action | The movement made based on the muscle. Example: flexion |
| Rectus abdominus | AKA "six-pack" inserts on the superior surface of the pubis and around the symphysis |
| Biceps brachii | Muscle that when contracted causes the arm to flex |
| Triceps brachii | Muscle that when contracted causes extension of the arm. Extends arm during push ups |
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