American History Ch: 2
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82 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Slavery | the treatment of people as property for the purpose of forcing them to do labor. |
| conquistadors | spanish soldier-explorers, especially those who conquered Mexico and Peru. |
| colony | a new settlement or territory established and governed by a country in another land. |
| missionaries | people who travel to a territory or community in order to make converts to their religion. |
| trappers | adventures who capture and kill animals for their fur. |
| 1492 | what year did christopher columbus go on his first voyage? |
| rebirth | what does the word renaissance mean? |
| Marco Polo | who was C.C. inspired by? |
| west, across the Atlantic ocean | which route did c.c. think was the shortest way to the Indies? |
| King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of spain | who sponsored c.c.'s voyage? |
| nina, pinta, santa maria | What were the names of c.c.'s three ships? |
| the caribbean sea | where did columbus land on his 1st voyage? |
| san salvador meaning "holy savior" | what did columbus name the island he landed on? |
| A transfer of peoople, plants, animals, and diseases across the Atlantic ocean | what is the columbian exchange? |
| corn, potatoes, job oppertunities, slavery | What did the columbian exchange bring? |
| small pox | The europeans who came to America brought with them germs that caused _____ and other diseases deadly to the n.a. |
| 90% | what %age of n.a. where wiped out by european diseases? |
| 1400s | by the late ____, europeans were trading guns and other goods for african slaves |
| 1500s | in the ____ suropean slave traders began shipping slaves to the caribbean for sale. |
| a conquistador who conquered the aztecs, 1519 | who was Hernan Cortez and what year did he come the the americas. |
| a conquistador who conquered the incans | who was francisco pizarro? |
| small pox | what helped pizarro conquer the incans? |
| juan ponce de leon | who lead one of the first spanish expoditions into n. america, sailed with columbus, and made his fortune by dicovering gold in suerto rico? |
| the fountain of youth | what did ponce de leon want to find? |
| 1513 | when did ponce de leon land on n. america? |
| it was flowery | why did ponce de leon name the land he found la florida? |
| seven cities of cibola | a city where the streets and houses were decorated with gold and jewels |
| the golden cities, marcos de niza | what was francisco vasquez looking for in 1540 and who was his guide? |
| native american pueblo | what did vasquez find instead of the golden cities? |
| 1600 | by ____ the spanish boarderlands were fron florida across present day texas, NM, AZ, and CA. |
| presidios | small bands of soldiers sen to spanish regions in the americas to protect the claims of other countries. (walled forts the soldiers lived in) |
| Pedro menendez de aviles | who was a naval officer sent to florida to protect the area from the french? |
| St. Augustine | what was the fort of florida called? |
| they built missions and taught the christian skills | what did catholic missionaries do to convert indians to the christian faith? |
| lead the new settlement of NM | what did juan de onate do? |
| the pueblo indians revolted b/c of awful treatment | after moving to NM, why did juan de onate and his followers move back to mexico? |
| the n.a. learned to use new tools, and grow new foods. the indians then showed the spanish how to farm in desert soil | what was some of the impacts of n.a. on spanish settlers? |
| spain | where were the following explorers from- columbus, cotrez, pizarro, ponce de leon, corondo |
| french | where were the following explorers from- cartier, champlain, marquette, joliet, la salle |
| england | where were the following explorers from- raleigh, john smith |
| dutch | where were the following explorers- hudson minuit |
| NW passage | all water route through the N. American continent to the pacific ocean |
| Jacques cartier | who had the job to find the NW pasage? |
| claim land for france - canada, and used beaver fur to sell | after not finding the NW passage, what did cartier do? |
| samuel champlain | who founded the first settlement of new france? |
| Quebec | in 1607, champlain sailed up the st. lawrence sea way and built a trading post called _____. |
| harsh climate | what stopped settlers from settling in new france? |
| fur trading | the french were more interested in ____ than in farming. |
| became buisness partners with them | what did the french do with the N.A. on their land? |
| huron | what indians did champlain make friends with? |
| european disease killed many huron indians | what was a negitave thing that happened between the huron and french? |
| the french gave the huron guns | the french and iriquois became enemies b/c ______. |
| the mississippi river flowed to the gulf of mexico not the pacific ocean. (no NW passage) | what did father marquette and louis joliet discover in 1673? |
| claimed everything west of the misisippi river and called it Lousiana for King Louis XIV | what did robert de la salle do in 1682 (has to do with mississippi river)? |
| John Cabot | who was inspired by C.C., saled west acoss the atlantic, landed in New foundland, planted a flag, which later England claims all of N. America b/c of the flag, and thinks he lands in Asia? |
| sir walter raleigh | who attempted to start a colony on Roanoke island, (1st try= ran low on supplies)? |
| war between England and spain happens=delay back to roanoke for 3 years, when he returns no one is there and the word CROATOAN is carved on a tree | in 1587, raleigh sent a 2nd group to Roanoke, leader John White had to return to Eng. for more supplies.....how does it end? |
| 1607 | what year was the London company (Jamestown) made? |
| there were disease infested misquitos and a powerful N.A. group around them | what didn't the jamestown ppl know about their suurounding environment? |
| craftsmen | the men of jamestown were _____ not farmers. |
| they were going to kill the settlers anyway so the indians let them starve | after food in jamestown was running low, the ppl began to trade with the indians. Why did the indians stop trading with them? |
| John Smith | who took over jamestown as the new leader in 1608? |
| club, Pocahontas | after smith was captured by the n.a., they welcomed him as a guest, them after dinner the indians were going to ______ him to death, until _____ jumped out of the shadows and saved him. |
| keeping peace between the tribes and giving them food | how did pocahotas help the jamestown ppl? |
| starving time | after john smith got hurt and returned back to england, the indians refused to trade with the settlers, this was call the ______ _____. |
| 60 | after the starvin time in the spring, only ____ of the 500 ppl smith left remained alive. |
| captured pocahontas and held her hostage | with all new settlers, the jamestown people were still in danger of indian attacks, so they_______. |
| John Rolfe | While pocahontas was a prisoner, she met _______ , who later proposed to her |
| tobacco | Rolfe discovered _____, which helped the colonies survive. |
| peace | what did the marriage of john rolfe and pocahontas bring to the n.a. and jamestown ppl? |
| find the NW passsage, Dutch | what was henry hudson's goal and who was his voyage sponsored by? |
| claim the land along its banks | in 1609, hudson found a deep river full of fish, what did he do after he found no NW passage? |
| Dutch West India Company | dutch merchants formed the _____ _____ _____ _____ to start a colony in America. |
| trading post | The Dutch established a _____ _____ along the hudson river. |
| Peter Minuit | the governer of the New Netherland |
| peace | Peter minuit want to make _____ with the Indians. |
| weapons | dutch traders made friends with members of the Iriquois Confederacy. The Dutch gave the iriquois ____. |
| ohio valley | the iriquois kept the french from moving into the _______. (rich in beaver fur) |
| New Amsterdam | what was the new settlement of the Dutch called? (named by peter stuyvestant) |
| religion | New Amsterdam provided for Jews who were seeking free ______, peace. |
| James Duke of York | In 1664, king charles II gave his brother, _________ ownership of all Dutch lands in America. |
| English, NY | _____ took over new netherland and renamed the colony _____ ______. |
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