| Term | Definition |
|---|
| insulin | a protein that facilitates the uptake of sugar into cells from blood |
| recmobinant DNA technology | cutting and recombining DNA molecules |
| polymerase chain reaction (PCR) | copying short pieces of DNA and making millions of copies in a short time |
| pure science | research whose main purpose is to enrich scientific knowledge base |
| applied science | utilizing scientific knowledge for practical pruposes |
| reasearch and development (R AND D) | early stages in product development |
| cloning | producing identical organisms through asexual reproduction (bacteria does it naturally) |
| fermentation | a cell converts sugar into lactic acid or ethanol under anaerobic conditions |
| proteases | enzymes that break down proteins |
| antibodies | proteins developed by the immune system to recognize specific molecules called antigens |
| NIH | national institutes of health, federal agency that funds and conducts biomedical reasearch |
| CDC | centers for diesaese contorl and prevention, develops and applies disaese prevention and control |
| FDA | food and drug administration, regulates the use of food and drugs |
| USDA | us department of agriculture, regulates the used of plants and vet medications |
| EPA | environmental protection agency, enforces laws including use of microorganisms |
| diabetes | a disorder affecting the uptake of sugar by cells |
| antibiotics | derived from fungi, impede the growth of other microorganisms |
| restriction enzyme | cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence |
| DNA ligase | enzyme tha tbinds together disconnected strands of a DNA molecule |
| recombinant DNA | created by combining DNA from 2 or more sources |
| GMO | genetically modified organisms, contain DNA from another organism and produce new proteins encoded in that DNA |
| E coli | rod-shaped bacterium native to the intestines of mammals |
| plasmid | tiny, circular pieces of DNA, used in recombinant DNA technologies |
| t-PA | tissue plasminogen activator, enzyme that breaks down blood clots |
| Human Genome Project | effort to sequence and map all the DNA on the 23 human chromosomes |
| reagent | chemcial used in an experiment |
| efficacy | ability to yield a desired result |
| clinical trials | tests that evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a medical teatment on humans |
| therapeutic | agent that is used to treat disaeas or disorders |
| data | info gathered from an experiment |
| hypothesis | an educated guess to answer a scientific question |
| variable | anything that can vary in the experiment |
| control | experimental trial added to the experiment to ensure it was run proerly |
| psitive control | data that will give predictable positive results |
| negative control | data lacking what is being tested to giv eexpected negative results |
| concentration | the amount of substance as a proportion of another |
| REE | results with evidence and explanation |
| PE | possible errors |
| PA | practical applications |
| genome | one entire set of an organism's genetic materials |
| bochemistry | study of chemical reactions occuring in living things |
| molecular biology | study of molecules found in cells |
| genetics | study of genes and how they are expressed |
Combine with other sets
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