Chapter 10-DNA

Terms	Definitions
DNA	a complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
RNA	single stranded nucleic acid used for protein synthesis.
adenine	Nitrogen base that pairs with thymine.
guanine	Nitrogen base that pairs with cytosine.
cytosine	Nitrogen base that pairs with guanine.
thymine	Nitrogen base that pairs with adenine.
deoxyribose	a five-carbon sugar that is a component of DNA nucleotides
double helix	Spiral-staircase structure characteristic of the DNA molecule
purine	double-ring nitrogenous base, found in DNA and RNA
pyrimidine	single-ring nitrogenous base, found in DNA and RNA
ribose	a five-carbon sugar present in RNA
uracil	Nitrogen base that pairs with adenine in RNA.
Watson and Crick	developed the double helix model of DNA
Franklin	produced X-ray diffraction image of DNA
Hershey and Chase	concluded that the genetic material of the bacteriophage was DNA, not protein
DNA replication	the process of a DNA molecule making a copy of itself
transcription	the process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA
nucleotide	in a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base
nucleic acid	complex macromolecule that stores and communicates genetic information
hydrogen bond	a weak bond which holds the base pairs together in a DNA molecule

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