History Exam Unit One & Two & Three
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75 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Empathy | The identification of the feelings, thoughts, or attitudes of another |
| Evidence | Information used to support or prove a statement or conclusion |
| Primary Source | Something (such as a document, journal, etc.)that was created by someone who was alive during the events that occurred |
| Secondary Source | Something(such as a document,journal, etc.)that was created by someone who was not alive during the event that occurred |
| Point of View | A person's perspective of something based on his/her character, background, experience,etc. |
| Bias | Much stronger opinion than point of view. Sometimes, but not always, unfair or prejudiced |
| Historical Interpretation | The process of finding what a historical event means or what it meant in history |
| Ideals | A goal that you strive for |
| Equality | People are the same.Things are the same.Everyone treated the same. |
| Democracy | A system of government in which the power to rule comes from the consent of the governed |
| Liberty | Freedom of speech, religious.Freedom, civic liberty, political.Freedom |
| Opportunity | People able to do what they want to do. The chance to pursue hopes and dreams |
| Rights | Powers or privileges granted to people either by an agreement among themselves or by law |
| Monarchy | A government ruled by a king or queen where the powere is handed down by family; also consent of the governed |
| Dictatorship | One person or group of people control the government through military force |
| Natural Rights | Rights given to people when they are born:Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit Of Happiness |
| Landforms | Something formed on Earth (Mountains, Rivers, Etc.) |
| Natural Resources | Substance that comes from land |
| Regions | An area that has similar culture, climate, character |
| Census | A national official count of the population |
| Fossil Fuels | Any combustible organic material, as oil, coal, or natural gas, derived from the remains of former life |
| Rural | Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of the country |
| Urban | Of, pertaining to, or designating a city or town |
| Settlement | A place where people create a place to live |
| Colony | A country sends people to a new land to a settlement to make money |
| Roanoke | First official colony in the current US, known as the "Lost Colony", founded by Sir Walter Raleigh(1585) |
| Jamestown | First successful colony in the US, founded in 1607, it was a jointstock colony, the purpose was to get gold, was started by VA company |
| Magna Carta | Written in 1215 in an attempt to limit the power of King John, one of the first examples of a document of code of law to limit the power of the monarch. |
| Charter | A document written to found a colony, generally written by the King of the mother country |
| Indentured Servant | an indebted person who works off their passage to the New World for 4-7 years |
| Proprietary Colony | Colony founded by proprietors (people founded by the King to govern colonies, was generally given as a gift by the King |
| Jointstock Colony | A colony founded as an investment |
| Consent | To permit, approve, or agree; comply or yield * ____ Of Governed- Approval of the Governed |
| Crown Colony | A colony founded by the King |
| Pilgrim/Puritans | A group of people who wanted to separate from the Church Of England (People who came on Mayflower and started Plymouth colony in 1620, wanted religious journey ) |
| English Bill Of Rights | Written in the 1600's in England, Greater attempt to limit monarch's power, gives some of King's power to the Parliament |
| Salutary Neglect | 1607-1754; From the founding of the colonies to the beginning of the French & Indian War,Britain ignores America. America learns how to govern themselves during this time |
| Mercantilism | The ability for the mother country to make money off of their colonies, raw goods are taken by mother country, manufactured in mother country, and sold back to colonies at higher price |
| New England Colonies | Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire; The economies were based off of ship-building and trading;their climate was fairly chilly most of the time and their geography was mostly rocky;not good for farming (any farming was mostly subsistence) |
| Middle Colonies | New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware; Their economies were based off of farming grains because of mild climate and flat land. (known as the Breadbasket) |
| Southern Colonies | Virginia,Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Maryland; The cash crop capital of the colonies, they farm cash crops such as rice, indigo, and tobacco; Climate was hot and mild; Economy was based on slaves |
| French and Indian War | War between the French/Indians and the British/Colonists, 1754-1763;Was an extension of wars already going on in Europe;"War For Empire"; Purpose was for control of the Ohio River Valley; Ended Salutary Neglect and British being re interested in colonies |
| Unalienable Rights | Rights that cannot taken away |
| Proclamation Of 1763 | Imaginary line drawn by King George III,prohibited colonist from crossing the Appalachian mountains,gave Ohio River Valley to Native Americans, first act that caused colonial unrest |
| Quartering Act | An act passed in 1765; colonists have to house, feed, provide for soldiers |
| Stamp Act | Passed in 1765; direct tax on all paper goods; repealed in 1766; Massively angers everyone in the colonies |
| Townshend Acts | Series of taxes put in place to pay salary of royal governor,tax on lead, paper, tea, glass; all taxes are repealed except tea |
| Writs Of Assistance | A required search warrant to search colonial ships |
| Tea Act | Put in place after Townshend Act was repealed; Allows colonist to only buy tea from the British East Indies Tea Company |
| Coercive Acts | In response to Boston Tea Party 1. Closed the Port Of Boston (except food and fuel for British soldiers) 2. Impose Military Rule On Colony Of Massachusetts 3. Disallow Colonial Assembly Meetings |
| Boston Massacre | Used to spread news around colonies; British shot at rioting colonists; Paul Revere drew exaggerating picture |
| Boston Tea Party | Over a million dollars worth of tea is dumped overboard by Sons Of Liberty |
| Sons/Daughters Of Liberty | Groups that formed to officially protest against British;Sons-Burned loyalist mansions, led boycotts, were responsible for the Boston Tea Party Daughter-got to sew and make clothes for boycotts |
| Constitution | The document which establishes the present federal code of laws for the United States and is changed through amendments |
| Confederation | When power is divided between national and states governments. |
| Shay's Rebellion | Rebellion of farmer's that scared colonists |
| Bicameral legislature | A government with two houses |
| Proportional Representation | Determining the amount of representatives by population |
| Equal Representation | Equal representation no matter the population |
| Constitutional Convention | Meeting where the Constitution was written; In 1787 in the Philadelphia State house; originally met to revise AOC |
| New Jersey Plan | A plan for a weak government with equal state representation in the one-housed answer |
| Virginia Plan | Strong national government with population based representation. |
| Great Compromise | NJ Plan: Proposes 1 house in legislation with equal rep. for each state VA Plan: Proposes 2 houses in legislation with rep based on population |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | The southern states wanted to count slaves because they had a lot of slaves, but the northern states were the opposite. |
| Electoral College | Conflict on how to elect the President:Either the delegates voted or the population voted. |
| Legislative Branch | Branch in charge of making laws |
| Judicial Branch | Branch in charge of interpreting laws |
| Executive Branch | Branch in charge of passing laws |
| Republic | A state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives chosen directly or indirectly by them |
| Ratification | The act of ratifying; confirmation; sanction |
| House Of Representatives | The lower legislative branch in many national and state bicameral governing bodies, as in the United States |
| Senate | The upper legislature in countries such as the USA |
| President | An officer appointed or elected to preside over an organized body of persons |
| Congress | The legislature of the United States government |
| Cabinet | Group who advises the President on any matters relating to the office. Members are the heads of departments. They are appointed by the President |
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