| Term | Definition |
| archegonium | female reproductive structure where eggs develop |
| antheridium | male reproductive structure where sperm develop |
| annual | anthophyte that lives for 1 year or less |
| biennial | anthophyte that flowers only after 2 years of growth |
| cotyledons | tiny seed leaves that store or absorb food for the embryo |
| deciduous plants | plants that lose all their leaves at the same time |
| dicotyledons | class of plants with two seed leaves |
| embryo | young diploid sporophyte of a plant that is the earliest stage of development |
| fruit | seed-containing ripened ovary of a flower |
| monocotyledons | class of plants with one seed leaf |
| ovule | the sporophyte structure surrounding the developing female gametophyte; forms seed |
| perennial | anthophyte that lives for several years |
| pollen grain | structure in which the male gametophyte develops; consists of sperm cells |
| prothallus | gametophyte structure in non-seed vascular plants that produces the archegonia and antheridia |
| rhizome | thick, underground stem produced by ferns |
| sorus | cluster of sporangia usually found on the surface of a fern frond |
| strobilus | compact cluster of spore-bearing leaves produced by some non-seed vascular plants |