CHE 319 Test 5 CH8
Order by
36 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 primary | The _____ structure of DNA consists of covalent structure and nucleotide sequence |
| secondary | The _______ structure of DNA consists of any regular, stable structure taken up by some or all of the nucleotides in a nucleic acid |
| ABZ | What are the three different forms of DNA secondary structure? |
| A | Which type of DNA double helix is dehydrated DNA? |
| B | Which type of DNA double helix is generally the most stable. It is the form described by Watson and Crick |
| Z | Which type of DNA double helix occurs in short tracts in bacteria and eukaryotes. It may play a role in regulating gene expression |
| sugar conformation, sugar-phosphate backbone rotation, base rotation | What three things are responsible for structural variation between the forms of DNA? |
| Z | Which type of DNA is left handed? |
| C2 or C3 | Which carbon in the sugar rings in nucleotides is responsible for the "puckering" |
| syn (above sugar) or anti (diagonal to sugar) | Describe the two purine conformations in terms of base rotation |
| tertiary | The ______ structure of DNA consists of complex folding of large chromosomes. There is variation in the degree of packing |
| complex and unique | Describe RNA 3D structure |
| no simple, regular structure | Describe RNA secondary structure |
| A | When double-stranded RNA exists, what form of helix does it take? |
| heat, acid, base, specialized proteins | What four things can trigger the DNA double-helix to unwind? |
| reversible | Denaturation and Annealing of the DNA double helix is a ______ process |
| random collisions | Completely separated strands of DNA will re-associate slowly when _______ result in short double-stranded regions |
| higher | In DNA, a higher GC content will cause the molecule to have a _____ melting point |
| RNA duplex | In comparing RNA duplex, DNA/RNA hybrid, and DNA duplex, which has the highest melting point temperature? |
| DNA duplex | In comparing RNA duplex, DNA/RNA hybrid, and DNA duplex, which has the lowest melting point temperature? |
| hybridization | _______ between two single-stranded nucleic acid molecules from different sources is the basis for many molecular genetics experiments |
| PCR | The experiment used to amplify short regions of DNA |
| Southern blot | The experiment that uses ssDNA on gel and ssDNA probe |
| Northern blot | The experiment that uses RNA on gel and ssDNA probe |
| mutations | alterations in DNA structure that produce permanent changes in the genetic information |
| spontaneous | Deamination and Depurination are types of ______ mutation |
| Deamination | this type of mutation turns cytosine into uracil |
| UV-induced | This type of mutation results in pyrimidine dimer formation which causes kinks in the DNA. Base fragmentation and backbone cleavage also occurs. |
| Chemically induced | Deamination and alkylation are types of ______ mutations |
| spontaneous, uv-induced, chemically induced, oxidative damage by free radicals | What are the four types of mutations? |
| energy carriers, components of enzyme cofactors, chemical messengers | In addition to being components of nucleic acids, what are three other functions of nucleotides? |
| energy carriers | Nucleotides serve as ______ by serving as cellular "currency" in metabolic transactions (ATP) |
| components of enzyme cofactors | What function of nucleotides involves carrying the active part of a molecule to the active site of an enzyme |
| adenosine | Most enzyme cofactors include the nucleotide ______. Although it doesn't participate directly in the primary function, its presence is necessary for activity |
| NAD+, Coenzyme A | What are two examples of Enzyme cofactors? |
| Chemical messengers | Nucleotides function as ______ during signal transduction cascades which lead to a cellular response to hormones and other extracellular stimuli |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.