| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Cell | Basic unit of all organisms; all living things are composed of these |
| Cell Wall | Fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane of plants, fungi, most bacteria, and some protists; provides support and protection. |
| Chloroplast | Capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy; site of photosynthesis; contain chlorophyll |
| Cilia | Short, numerous, hair-like projections composed of pairs of microtubules; frequently aid in locomotion. |
| Cytoplasm | Clear, jelly-like fluid in cells that suspends the cell's organelles. |
| Cytoskeleton | Cellular framework found within the cytoplasm composed of microtubules and microfilaments. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | Organelle site of cellular chemical reactions; can either be rough (with ribosomes) or smooth (without ribosomes) |
| Eukaryotic cells | Contain a true nucleus and other organelles enclosed by a plasma membrane |
| Flagella | Long projections that help propel cells and organisms by a whip-like motion. |
| Golgi Apparatus | Organelle that sorts and packs proteins and sends them to their appropriate destinations. |
| Lysosome | Organelle that digests worn out organelles, food particles, and viruses or bacteria. |
| Mitochondria | Organelle that breaks down sugar molecules to release energy; the "powerhouse" of the cell |
| Nucleolus | Organelle inside the nucleus that produces ribosomes. |
| Nucleus | In eukaryotic cells, the central membrane-bound organelle that manages cellular functions and contains DNA. |
| Organelle | Membrane-bound structures with particular functions within eukaryotic cells. |
| Phospholipid | Lipids with an attached phosphate group; main component of plasma membranes |
| Plasma Membrane | Flexible boundary between the cell and its environment; allows materials such as water and nutrients to enter and waste products to leave. |
| Prokaryote | Unicellular organisms that do NOT have membrane-bound organelles |
| Ribosome | organelle without a membrane where proteins are assembled. |
| Selective Permeability | Feature of the plasma membrane that maintains homeostasis within a cell by allowing some molecules into the cell while keeping others out. |
| Transport Proteins | Proteins that span the plasma membrane and regulate which molecules enter and leave a cell. |
| Vacuole | Organelle used for the temporary storage of materials. |
| Phospholipid bilayer | a plasma membrane that consists of two layers of phospholipids |
Combine with other sets
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