Medical Terminology simplified 10
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Created by:
Busoni13 on December 1, 2010
Subjects:
biology, medical terminology, life science
Description:
medical terminology simplified 10
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157 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 carpo | bw of carpus (wrist bone) |
| costo | bw of ribs |
| cranio | bw of cranium |
| humero | bw of humerus |
| metacarpo | bw of metacarpus (handbones) |
| phalango | bw of phalanges (bones of fingers and toe4s) |
| spondylo | bw of vertebrae(s) |
| verebro | bw of vertebrae (v) |
| sterno | bw of sternum |
| calcaneo | bw of calcaneum (heel bone) |
| femoro | bw of femur (thigh bone) |
| fibulo | bw of fibula(smaller, outer bone of lower leg) |
| patello | bw of patella |
| pelvi | bw of pelvis |
| tibio | bw of tibia |
| ankylo | bw of stiffness; bent, crooked |
| arthuro | bw of joint |
| cervico | bw of neck; cervix uteri |
| chondro | bw of cartilage |
| lamino | bw of lamina (part of the vertebral arch) |
| myelo | bw of bone marrow; spinal cord |
| ortho | bw of straight |
| osteo | bw of bone |
| radio | bw of radiation; xray; radius |
| -clasia | ew of to break |
| -desis | ew of binding, fixation of a bone or joint |
| -malacia | ew of softening |
| -physis | ew of growth |
| -porosis | ew of porous |
| carpoptosis | wrist drop |
| subcostal | pertaining to beneath the ribs |
| metacarpectomy | excision or resection of one ore more metacarpal bones |
| spondylitis | inflammation of any of the vertebrae |
| sternocostal | pertaining to the sternum and ribs |
| calcaneodynia | painful condition of the heel |
| pelvimetry | measurement of the pelvic dimensions or proportions |
| pelvis | pertaining to the pelvis |
| ankylosis | immobility ofa joint |
| arthritis | inflammation of a joint |
| costochondritis | inflammation of the costal cartilage of the anterior chest wall |
| laminectomy | excision of the bony arches of one or more certebrae |
| meylocele | saclike protrusion of spinal cord through congenital defect in vertebral column |
| orthopedics | branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and correction of musculoskeletal system disorders |
| osteitis | inflammation of bone |
| radiograph | xray image |
| arthroclasia | forcible breaking of a joint |
| arthrodesis | binding or fixation of a joint |
| diaphysis | shaft or middle region of a longbone |
| osteoporosis | disorder characterized by abnormal loss in bone density and deterioration of bone tissue, with an increased fracture risk |
| four principal bones | long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones |
| irregular bones | certain bones of the ears and vertebrae |
| long bones | the strongest bones of the arm and legs |
| short bones | cube shaped bones of the wrists, ankles, and toes |
| flat bones | the broad bones in the shoulders and ribs |
| osteoblasts | embryonic cells that develop into bone |
| periosteum | structure around the bone |
| osteogenesis | formation or development of bones |
| leukopoeisis | formation and production of white blood cells |
| erythropoeisis | formation or production of red blood cells |
| chondroma | tumor composed of cartilage |
| oesteodynia | pain in the bone |
| osteorraphy | suture of bone |
| osteosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the bone |
| distal epiphysis | epiphysis farthest from the trunk |
| rickets | osteomalacia which occurs in children |
| calcemia | calcium found in the bone |
| myelogram | radiograph of the spinal cord after injection |
| synarthroses | totally immovable joint |
| diarthroses | freely movable joints |
| amphiarthroses | slightly movable joints |
| arthrocentesis | surgical puncture of a joint |
| arthrodynia | pain in the joint |
| osteoarthritis | pain in bones and joints |
| osteoarthropathy | disease of the bones and joints |
| osteoarthrosis | abnormal condition of the bones and joints |
| metacarpals | bones which radiate from the wristlike spokes and form the palm of the hand |
| femur | the longest and strongest bone in the body. it articulates with the hip bone and the bones of the lower leg |
| patello | a floating bone with the hip bone and the bones of the lower leg |
| tibia | the weight bearing bone but is important because muscles are attached and anchored to it |
| calcaneum | heel bone |
| cephalodynia | pain in the head |
| cepahlometer | instrument used to measure the head |
| encephal- | bw of brain |
| encephaloma | tumor of the brain |
| encephalitis | inflammation of the brain |
| intercostal muscles | muscles located between the ribs |
| costalgia | pain in the ribs |
| open trauma | bone pierces skin and causes extensive damage to surround blood |
| closed trauma | bone is broken with no external wound present |
| greenstick trauma | bone is partially bent and partially broken; found more commonly in children |
| impacted trauma | broken ends of bone segments are wedged into one another |
| spinal column | another name fro vertebral column |
| spondyledynia | (s) painful condition of a vertebra |
| spondylopath | disease of the vertebrae |
| intervertebral disks | composed of cartilage and cushions and separates the vertebrae |
| cervicofacial | refers to the face and neck |
| atlas | the first cervical vertebrae |
| 7 | the number of cervical vertebrae |
| articulation | a place where bones meet |
| thoracic | pertaining to the chest |
| lumbar | pertaining to the loins or lower back |
| lumbodynia | pain in the lower back |
| L5 | refers to lumbar vertebra five |
| sacrodynia | a pain in the sacrum |
| sacrospinal | refers to the sacrum and spine |
| S5 | fifth verebrae of the sacrum |
| lumbo | bw of loins (lower back) |
| myo | bw of muscle |
| teno | bw of tendon |
| tendo | bw of tendon |
| tendino | bw of tendon |
| sarcoma | ew of malignant tumor of connective tissue |
| lumbocostal | pertaining to the lumbar region and the ribs |
| myorrhexis | tearing of a muscle; rupture of a muscle |
| tenotomy | total or partial severing of tendon |
| tendolysis | release of a tendon from adhesion; also called tenolysis |
| tendinitis | inflammation of a tendon, usually resulting from strain; also called tendonitis |
| hemiplegia | paralysis of one side of the body |
| myorraphy | suturing of a wound in a muscle |
| myorrhexis | tearing of any muscle |
| myosarcoma | malignant tumor of muscular tissue |
| chondrotomy | incision for dividing cartilage |
| hepatorrhexis | rupture of the liver |
| cystorrhexis | rupture of the bladder |
| enterorrhexis | rupture of the intestine |
| myosclerosis | abnormal condition of muscle hardening |
| bending and extension of a limb | flexion and extension |
| movement away from and toward the body and adduction | adduction and abduction |
| turning the hand to a palm down or palm up position | pronation and supination |
| circular movement around an axis | rotation |
| bending the foot or toes upward or downward | dorsiflexion and plantar flexion |
| moving the sole of the foot outward or inward | eversion and inversion |
| ankylosis | immovability of a joint |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | pain or numbness resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel |
| contracture | fibrosis of connective tissue in skin, fascia, muscle or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint |
| crepitation | grating sound made by movement of bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction |
| ewing sarcoma | malignant tumor that develops from bone marrow |
| gout | hereditary metabolic disease that is a form of acute arthritis with excessive uric acid in the blood and joints |
| herniated disk | herniation or rupture of the nucleus pulposus |
| paget disease | skeletal disease affecting elderly people that causes inflammation, thickening and softening and bowing of the bones |
| rheumatoid arthritis | chronic systemic disease characterized by inflammatory changes in joints; crippling |
| sequestrum | fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue |
| kyphosis | increased in curvature of the thoracic region that has become separated from surrounding tissue |
| lordosis | forward curvature of the lumbar region of the vertebral column |
| scoliosis | abnormal sideward curvature of the spine |
| muscular dystrophy | group of hereditary diseases characterized by gradual atrophy and weakness of muscle tissue |
| myasthenia grave | autoimmune disorder characterized by severe muscular weakness and progressive fatigue |
| rotator cuff injuries | injuries to the capsule of the shoulder joint, which is reinforced by muscles and tendons |
| sprain | trauma to a joint that causes injury to the surrounding ligament, accompanied by pain and disability |
| strain | trauma to a muscle from overuse or excessive forcible stretch |
| talipes | congenital deformity of the foot; clubfoot |
| torticollis | spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles causing stiffness and twisting of the neck that may be congenital or acquired; wryneck |
| rheumatoid factor | blood test to detect the presence of rheumatoid factor, a substance presence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis |
| arthroplasty | surgical reconstruction or replacement of a painful, degenerated joint to restore mobility in rheumatoid or osteoarthritis or to correct a congenital deformity |
| arthroscopy | visual examination of the interior of a joint performed by inserting an endoscope through a small incision |
| sequestrectomy | excision of necrosed piece of bone |
| total hip arthroplasty | replacement of the femur and acetabulum with metal components |
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