Ch 9 Motivation and Emotion
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Created by:
leach_roseline on December 5, 2010
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 motivation | a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior |
| drive-reduction theory | the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need |
| physiological needs | basic bodily requirements |
| drive | aroused, motivated state often created by deprivation of a needed substance |
| incentive | a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior |
| hierarchy of needs | Maslow's pyramid of human needs; at the base are physiological needs that must be satisfied before higher-level safety needs, and then psychological needs, become active |
| glucose | the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger |
| set point | the point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight |
| basal metabolic rate | the body's resting rate of energy expenditure |
| anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder in which a person (usually an adolescent female) maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly (15% or more) underweight |
| bulimia nervosa | an eating disorder in which a person alternates binge-eating (usually of high-calorie foods) with purging (by vomiting or laxative use), fasting, or excessive exercise |
| emotion | a response of the whole organism involving physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, and conscious experience |
| James-Lange theory | the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli |
| Cannon-Bard theory | the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological responces and the subjective experience of emotion |
| two-factor theory | Schachter-Singer's theory that to experience emotion we must be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal |
| facial feedback effect | the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness |
| catharsis | emotional release |
| feel good, do good phenomenon | our tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood |
| subjective well-being | self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life |
| adaptation-level phenomenon | our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience |
| relative deprivation | the perception that we are worse off relative to those with whom we compare ourselves |
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