Chapter 2 Vocab
About this set
Created by:
rachel_iacangelo on September 8, 2008
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 anthropocentrism | a belief in humans as masters of the world with a unique set of rights and values |
| biocentrism | the belief that all creatures have rights and values |
| blind experiments | experiments in which results are unknown until the data is gathered and analyzed |
| controlled studies | comparisons made between experimental and control populations that are identical in every factor except the one variable being studied |
| deductive reasoning | deriving testable predictions about specific cases from general principles |
| double-blind design | an experiment in which neither the subject not those administering treatment and analyzing results now who is receiving the experimental or the control treatments until after the experiment is completed |
| ecofeminism | a pluralistic, nonhierarchial, relationship-oriented that suggests how humans could reconceive themselves and their relationships to nature in nondominating ways |
| environmental ethics | a search for moral values and ethical principles in human relations with the natural world |
| environmental justice | combines civil rights with environmental protection to demand a safe, healthy, life-giving environment for everyone |
| environmental racism | inequitable distribution of environmental hazards based on race |
| hypothesis | a conditional explanation that can be verified or falsified |
| inductive reasoning | inferring general principles from specific examples |
| inherent value | an intrinsic or innate worth |
| instrumental value | value or worth of objects that satisfy the needs and wants of moral agents |
| LULUs | "Locally Unwanted Land Uses" such as toxic waste dumpes, incinerators, smelters, airports, freeways, and other sources of environmental, economic, or social degradation |
| moral agents | beings capable of acting morally or immorally and who can- and should -accept responsibility for their acts |
| moral extensionism | expansion of our understanding of inherent value or rights to persons, organisms, or things that might be considered worthy of value or rights under some ethical philosophies |
| moral subjects | beings who are not moral agents themselves but who have moral interests of their own and can be treated rightly or wrongly by others |
| morals | the distinction between right and wrong |
| nihilists | those who believe that the world is irrational and has no meaning or purpose |
| paradigms | overarching models of the world that guide our interpretation of events |
| parsimony | if two explanations appear equally plausible, choose the simpler one |
| relativists | those who believe moral principles are always dependent on the particular situation |
| reproducibility | making an observation or obtaining a particular result more than once |
| science | a process for producing knowledge |
| scientific theory | an explanation that has been supported by a large number of tests and majority of experts in a given field have reached a general consensus |
| significant numbers | meaningful numbers whose accuracy can be verified |
| stewardship | responsibility to care for or manage a particular place |
| toxic colonialism | the practice of targeting poor communities of color in the Third or Forth World for waste disposal and/or experimentation with risky technologies |
| universalists | those who believe that some fundamental ethical principles are universal and unchanging |
| utilitarians | those who believe that an action is right that produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people |
| values | the ultimate worth of actions or things |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.