Data

Copy and paste the text below. It is read-only. Select All

Alloy a mixture composed of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal Anion any atom or group of atoms with a negative charge Aqueous similar to or containing or dissolved in water Atom the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element Boiling from the liquid state to the gas state Bond a link between atoms in molecules and betweens ions and molecules in crystals Calorie unit of heat defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree centigrade at atmospheric pressure Cathode the electrode at which reduction occurs Cation a positively charged ion Compound a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight Covalent Bond a chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule Density the amount of matter in a given space Dependent Variable variable that changes as a result of a change in the independent variable Electron negatively charged component of the atom. exist outside of and surrounding the atom nucleus. Frequency the number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time Half-Life the time required for one half of the atoms of a radioisotope to emit radiation an decay products Heterogenous consisting of elements that are not of the same kind or nature Homogenous all of the same or similar kind or nature Hydrophobic avoids water molecules Hydrophilic attracts water molecules Ion atom that has a positive or negative charge Ionic Bond a chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains to electron to form a negative ion Independent Variable the experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied Isomer compounds with the same chemical formula but different structures Isotope one of two or more atoms with the same atomic number but with different numbers of neutrons Mass reflects the quantity of matter in an object Matter anything that has mass and takes up space Metal has high electric and heat conductivity, luster, malleable, loses electrons easily to form positive ions. Metalloid has characteristics of both metals and nonmetals Metrics A standard of measurement. Mixture a substance consisting of two or more substances mixed together (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding) Molecule the simplest structural unit of an element or compound Molarity number of moles of solute per liter of solution Neutral having only a limited ability to react chemically Neutron particle in the atom's nucleus with a mass=1 and a charge=0 Noble Gas an element in group 18 of the periodic table Photon A particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy Product a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction Proton a stable particle with positive charge equal to the negative charge of an electron Qualitative relating to or involving comparisons based on qualities Quantitative data that is measurable; obervations based on numbers Quantum The minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom Radiation emition of energy in the form of waves, rays, or particles Reactant a chemical substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction Saturated a substance in which the atoms are linked by single bonds Scientific Method a series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions Solid a substance that is solid at room temperature and pressure Soluble able to dissolve Solution a homogenous mixture of two or more substances. Solvent component of a solution that is present in the greatest amount. it is the substance in which the solute dissolves Solute the substance that is dissolved in the solution Spectrum colored band produced when a beam of light passes through a prism Supersaturated solution has more solute than it normally can hold at that temperature Unsaturated used of a compound (especially of carbon) containing atoms sharing more than one valence bond Valence a property of atoms or radicals Volume the amount of space an object takes up Wavelength The distance between crests of waves, such as those of the electromagnetic spectrum.