Psych Exam 4
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Created by:
agretch2000 on December 7, 2010
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Biological therapy | treatments to reduce or eliminate the symptoms of psychological disorders by altering the way an individuals body functions |
| Psychotherapy | Nonmedical process used by mental health professionals to help individuals recognize and overcome their problems |
| Antianxiety drugs | Tranquilizers; drugs that reduce anxiety by making individuals calmer and less excitable |
| Antidepressant Drugs | Drugs that regulate mood |
| Benzodiazepine | antianxiety drugs that most often offer the greatest relief for anxiety symptoms. bind to the receptor sites of neurotransmitters that become overactive during anxiety making them fast acting (within hours). side effects include drosiness, addiction, loss of coordination, fatigue, and mental slowing |
| Medical Model | Treatments to reduce or eliminate symptoms by altering the way the body functions |
| Common Forms of Therapy | Drug Therapy Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) |
| Antipsychotic Drugs | Powerful drugs that diminish agitated behavior, reduce tension, decrease hallucinations, improve social behavior,a nd produce better sleep patterns in people who have severe psychological disorders especially schizophrenia |
| Antipsychotic Drugs | Neuroleptics - Haloperidol Atypical antipsychotic meds - clozapine and risperidone side effects: tardive dyskinesia (involuntary bodily moveme ts) |
| Monamine Oxidase (MAO) inhibitors | Nardil, Marplan, and Parnate Block the enzyme monoamine oxidas which breaks down neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. More toxic so less widely used. Dangerous because of reaction to certain food and drugs. |
| Tricyclics | Increase the level of certain neurotransmitters, especially norepinephrine and serotonin. Reduce the symptoms of depression over 2-4 weeks in 60-70% of cases. Side effects include restlessness, faintness, trembling, sleepiness, and memory difficulties Elavil, Wellbutrin, Aventyl, Norpramin |
| Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) | Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft Interfere with the reabsorption of serotonin in the brain. Has less side effects but still cause insomnia, anxiety, headache, diarrhea and withdrawel. Also helpful in treating anxiety disorders |
| Lithium | Used to treat bipolar disorder by influencing norepinephrine and serotonin. Does not produce psychological changes in normal individuals so can be used to see if someone has bipolar. Toxic and can cause kidney and thyroid glad problems. |
| Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) | Commonly called shock therapy; a treatment used for severely depressed individuals that causes a seizure to occur in the brain. used to treat depression. has a high relapse rate side effects include memory loss and other severe effects |
| Psychosurgery | A biological therapy that involves removal or destruction of brain tissue to improve an individuals adjustment (lobotomy). |
| Psychotheraphy | Used to help individuals recognize, define, and overcome their psychological and interpersonal difficulties and improve their adjustment. |
| Insight Therapy | Psychodynamic and humanistic therapies because they encourage insight and self-awareness. The psychodynamic therapies are the oldest of these approaches. |
| Psychodynamic Therapies | Therapies that stress the importance of the unconscious mind, extensive interpretatichon by the therapist, and the role of experiences in the early childhood years. The goal of the psychodynamic therapies is to help individuals recognize their maladaptive ways of coping and the sources of their unconscious confilcts |
| Psychoanalysis | Freud's therapeutic technique for analyzing an individuals unconscious thouts. Freud believed that clients' current problems could be traced to childhood experiences, many of which involved conflicts about sexuality |
| Aaron Beck's COGNITIVE THEORY | Thoughts are the primary source of abnormal behavior and psychological problems - Focus on overt problems - Structured and analytical approach Goals of therapy - Cognitive Restructuring |
| Cognitive Therapy | Cognitive-Behavior Therapy - Emphasizes self-defeating thoughts - Pursues behavioral change - Self-instructional methods |
| Huministic Therapy | Carl Roger's Client-Centered Therapy Emphasis of this approach - Conscious thoughts, the present, and self-healing Goals of Therapy - Encourage people to understand themselves - Promote personal growth Therapeutic techniques - Active listening - Reflective speech - Unconditional positive regard - Empathy and genuineness |
| Psychodynamic Therapy | Therapeutic techniques - Free association - Dream analysis Manifest content Latent content - Transference - Catharsis - Interpretation |
| Free association | The psychoanalytic technique of having individuals say aloud whatever comes to mind |
| Dream analysis | The psychotherapeutic technique used to interpret a persons dream. Psychoanalysists believe that dreams contain info about the individuals unconscious thoughts and conflicts |
| Transference | The psychoanalytic term for the client's relating to the analyst in ways that reproduce or relive important relationships in the clients life |
| resistance | The psychoanalytic term for the clients unconscious defense strategies that prevent the analyst from understanding the person's problems |
| Gestalt Theory | Perls's humanistic therapy, in which the therapist challanges clients in order to help them become more aware of their feelings and face their problems |
| Behavior Therapies | Therapies that use principles of learning to reduce or eliminate maladaptive behavior |
| Systematic desensitization | A method of behavior therapy based on classical conditioning that treats anxiety by getting the person to associate deep relaxation with increasingly intense anxiety-producing situations. used to eliminate phobias |
| Aversive conditioning | A classical conditioning treatment that consists of repeated parings of the undesirable behavior with aversive stimuli to decrease the behavior's rewards |
| Behavior Modification | The application of operant conditioning principles to change human behaviors; especially to replace unacceptable maladaptive behaviors with acceptable, adaptive behaviors |
| Cognitive therapies | Therapies emphasizing that individuals cognitions or thoughts are the main source of abnormal behavior and psychological problems |
| Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy | A therapy based on Ellis's assertion that individuals develop a psychological disorder because of their beliefs, especially those that are irrational and self-defeating. the goal of REBT is to get clients to eliminate self defeating beliefs by rationally examining them. |
| Cognitive-behavior therapy | Therapy consisting of a combo of cognitive therapy and behavior therapy; self efficacy is an important goal of cognitive-behavior therapy. |
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