WH Background and 1400s
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Created by:
HistoryofCrawford on December 8, 2010
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Bubonic Plague | Also called the Black Death. This was a deadly disease that spread through Europe and killed one out of every three people. |
| Hundred Years' War | Conflict between England and France in which England lost all of its French possessions except Calais. The style of warfare changed fundamentally during this war. |
| Wars of the Roses | Fights for the right to rule England between the houses of Lancaster and York. |
| Prince Henry the Navigator | Started a school for sea explorers in Portugal. Largely responsible for the exploration of the African coast. |
| Inquisition | Searching for those who argue with church doctrine. Often employed torture to prove the guilt of the accused. |
| Johannes Gutenberg | Inventor of the movable-type printing press in Europe in approximately 1450 AD. |
| Renaissance | Means "rebirth" because it is considered the rebirth of the Classical Era. The time period after the Middle Ages marked by innovations in art, architecture, diplomacy, and technology. |
| Ottoman Empire | Muslim empire involved in conflicts in Southeastern Europe from 1453 into the 18th century. |
| Leonardo da Vinci | A Renaissance man - meaning a genius who could do lots of different things. A scientist, artist, & great thinker of the Renaissance. |
| Neoplatonism | Attempt to mix Plato's philosophy and Christian doctrine. In art, this resulted in perfect figures. |
| Humanism | A Renaissance cultural movement that favored Classical philosophy over medieval scholasticism and focused on human rather than religious matters. |
| Erasmus | Humanist. Felt that Christianity should be a philosophy for how to live your life. |
| Sir Thomas More | Author of Utopia, a book where he described the perfect world. |
| Machiavelli | Political philosopher during the Renaissance. Advisor to the Medici. Thought it was good to be ruthless for political gain. |
| Columbian exchange | Describes the unfair relationship between Europe and the Americas following Columbus's voyage. Europe received land, gold, slaves, foods, etc. The Americas received horses, technology, Christianity, and diseases. |
| encomienda system | The system the Spanish established to govern the New World. |
| mercantilism | Economic philosophy that says there is a set amount of money in the world. To get more money, a country builds more colonies. The idea is that one country gets rich while another becomes poorer. |
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