Flashcards: RSHS Reconstruction Vocab
All 18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Reconstruction | Period of rebuilding that followed the Civil War, during which the defeated Confederate states were readmitted to the Union. |
| Freedmen's Bureau | Federal agency setup to help former slaves after the Civil War. |
| Radical Republicans | Congressmen who wanted to destroy the political power of former slaveholders and to give African Americans full citizenship and the right to vote. |
| scalawag | White Southerner who joined the Republican Party after the Civil War. |
| carpetbagger | Northerner who moved to the South after the Civil War. |
| sharecropping | System in which landowners give farm workers land, seeds and tools in return for a part of the crops they raise |
| Niagara movement | Founded by W.E.B. DuBois in 1905 to promote the education of African Americans in the liberal arts. |
| poll tax | Annual tax that formerly had to be paid in some Southern states by anyone wishing to vote. |
| grandfather clause | Provision that exempts certain people from a law on the basis of previously existing circumstances--especially a clause formerly in some Southern states' constitutions that exempted whites from the strict voting requirements used to keep African Americans from the polls. |
| segregation | Separation of people on the basis of race. |
| Jim Crow laws | Laws enacted by Southern state and local governments to separate white and black people in public and private facilities. |
| amnesty | General pardon by a government, usually for political offenses. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | 1896 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that separation of the races in public accommodations was legal, setting up the "separate but equal" doctrine. |
| civil rights | Nonpolitical rights of a citizen as guaranteed by the 13th and 14th amendments to the Constitution. |
| racial etiquette | Custom that regulated relationships between whites and blacks, enforcing blacks' second class status. |
| impeach | To accuse a public official of misconduct in office by bringing charges before an appropriate tribunal. |
| Ku Klux Klan | Secret organization that used terrorist tactics in an attempt to restore white supremacy in Southern states after the Civil War. |
| vigilante | One who takes law enforcement into one's own hands. |
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