Chapter 2 biology
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 matter | anything that has a mass and takes up space |
| compound | 2 or more elements that are bond to one another |
| element | something on the periodic table that cannot be broken down any further |
| atoms | are the smallest type of matter and have orbital (neutrons, electrons, protons) |
| atomic number | the part on the periodic table that shows how many protons are in an element |
| neutrons | if you change this part of the nucleus, then you will form a different isotope |
| atomic mass | total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus |
| electrons | the part of an atom that is NOT in the nucleus |
| cation | positive ion |
| anion | negative ion |
| energy | the ability to do work |
| potential energy | stored energy OR energy of position |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| electrostatic attraction | the attraction of positive and negative to one another |
| endothermic reactions | absorb energy |
| exothermic reactions | release energy |
| activation energy | the amount of energy needed to get a reaction going |
| enzymes | catalysts in living things |
| catalyst | something to make a reaction go fast and lowers the activation energy in a reaction |
| oxidation | loses an electron (becomes more positive) |
| reduction | gains an electron (becomes more negative) |
| polar | difference in charge |
| H+ | hydronium ion |
| -OH | hydroxide ion |
| solute | present in smaller amounts |
| solvent | present in large amounts |
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