124 terms

Latin	English
ABCD	Geography is the study of earth's A. Land B. Climate C. Plants D. Animals E. None
ABC	Geography A. Explains connections B. Gives reasons C. Provides frameworks for understanding the relationship between peoples and their environments and their history D. has no use in the modern world E. All
BCD	Movement A. Is unimportant in the study if geography B. Is the spread of people, things, and ideas from place to place C. Happens through migration, trade, and war D. Is significant because it can spread ideas and cultural characteristics from one place to another E. All of the Above
E	Geographic imagination interprets the world based on A. Unique understandings B. Perceptions C. Knowledge D. Is reflected in behavior towards others E. All
C	Cultural Hybridity A. Is a method of diversifying plants B. Does not exist C. Results from movement and the interaction of various ideas, beliefs, and products D. Results in lesser forms of life E. None of the Above
ABC	According to James Burke in "Changing Knowledge, Changing Reality," Knowledge A. Is facts that people accept as true B. Dictates the actions that flow from those facts are correct C. Says truth is based on what is accepted by the majority D. Say that truth is the same always and in all places E. None
BCD	A frame of reference A. Does nothing B. Explains C. Organizes experiences D. Evaluates
ABCDE	The purpose of a frame of reference is to give a basis for A. Beliefs B. Judgments C. Values D. Morals E. Ethics
AB	Cultural Geography includes A. Languages B. Religion C. Landforms D. Tectonic Activity E. All of the Above
ACE	Some reasons why history can be considered an interpretation are A. Knowledge of the past is incomplete B. We have access to everything about the past C. Not all sources survive D. We cannot use biased sources E. No one person can be an expert on every aspect of the past
A	He pointed and Vinny stared through the shimmer of heat. Far off there were blue hills. Much nearer something moved, changed shape, vanished as the wavering air distorted distance, and then was there again, steady for a moment, three long slightly arching necks with small heads..."Giraffes," she said. A. Physical Place B. Region C. Interaction D. Movement E. Location
D	They went slowly, clinging to the unfamiliar shore, in almost constant alarm, each night having to find a new place to roost A. Physical Place B. Region C. Interaction D. Movement E. Location
E	There was nothing in the first two layers, but on the next Dad said, "Let's have the steel rule. Thanks. Got a label? 13.5, 16.1, 11.8. A. Physical Place B. Region C. Interaction D. Movement E. Location
B	The child clung to the rock, letting the broken waves of the bay wash over her, cooling the fierce sunlight... The sea was her home A. Physical Place B. Region C. Interaction D. Movement E. Location
C	The tribe used the bay because there were caves in the low cliffs, deep in two of which fresh water trickled down the rock. But food inside the bay was scarce, so normally they would have hunted the rocky inlets beyond for shellfish and shrimp and crabs and the little octopi that hid under boulders A. Physical Place B. Region C. Interaction D. Movement E. Location
E	"by the way...don't show anyone your sketch for the moment, and don't say anything about those marks on the scapula. I'm trying not to hide anything, but I can do without a lot of crazy unsubstantiated theorizing before we have all the facts..." A. Bias B. Selection C. Can't be proficient in every field D. Presentation E. Information is missing
C	"You hear the minister saying I got to take over everything? Can't do that all by myself, you know, so I'm going to need help. Experts. Pros. How'd you feel about that?" A. Bias B. Selection C. Can't be proficient in every field D. Presentation E. Information is missing
B	"Only tell them the good stuff...We really don't want them all over us for our little mistake. In your mind everything is good" A. Bias B. Selection C. Can't be proficient in every field D. Presentation E. Information is missing
D	"What I'm saying is that it's worth doing anything we can to show John Wishart how he can make this find into big news for Craig. People out there...show them a few bones and tell them they are two distal phalanges and a metacarpal from a plantigrade simian four and a half million years old, and they'll switch channels. But show them a group of shells that have been deliberately smashed with a primitive tool, and tell them it was a schoolgirl on a visit who put them together...that's news." A. Bias B. Selection C. Can't be proficient in every field D. Presentation E. Information is missing
A	"I want to make it clear we are not children, we are not your donkeys, we are not your servants. We are your equals. I ask, does it take a white man to dig a hole in the ground?" A. Bias B. Selection C. Can't be proficient in every field D. Presentation E. Information is missing
ACD	For an explanation to be considered scientific, it must A. Explain a maximum number of observations with a minimum number of assumptions B. Have absolutely no exceptions C. Be tested D. Be compatible with a well established body of theory E. Have a famous person give it
BCE	There can be exceptions to a rule because A. Absolute certainty is always present in a good rule B. Observation can be affected by more than one principle C. There can be errors in measurements D. Theories demand there be no exceptions E. There can be differences in perception
E	Malthus' theory stated that A. Struggle for resources was inevitable B. Restraints on population growth were necessary C. the population always rose faster that the food supply D. War and disease were good for curtailing population growth E. All of the Above
BCE	For a theory to be considered good, it must be A. Persuasive B. Parsimonious C. Powerful D. Precise E. Predictive
BD	Uniformitarianism A. States that all cultures must be alike or uniform B. States events of the past must be explainable by processes that can be observed operating in the world today C. Is not a good theory D. Is demonstrated by the process of erosion E. None of the above
OK	Know how to label the funnel of certainty (answer is: OK)
C	Ideas and practices simply come together in various places and time and can hardly be predicted. What has mattered is that the great creators and Discoverers have been open to the challenge and taken previously unrelated ideas and put them together in a way that was entirely new. A. Plutarch's Theory B. Turner's C. Boorstin's D. Malthus' E. Toynbee's
B	Geography determines the character of people and, depending on the situation, gives them certain advantages and disadvantages. A. Plutarch's Theory B. Turner's C. Boorstin's D. Malthus' E. Toynbee's
D	In nature, plants and animals produce far more offspring than can survive. Therefore, resources cannot keep up with the rising population A. Plutarch's Theory B. Turner's C. Boorstin's D. Malthus' E. Toynbee's
A	The very character of men changes history A. Plutarch's Theory B. Turner's C. Boorstin's D. Malthus' E. Toynbee's
E	all civilizations are faced with a crisis which is either one of ideas or one of technology A. Plutarch's Theory B. Turner's C. Boorstin's D. Malthus' E. Toynbee's
A	ONE reason given for the development from ape to fully modern human is A. The mutually enriching interaction between mental and manual skill B. evolution is a straight line moving continually forward C. no reason was given D. the birth process needed to change
D	The disadvantages of bipedalism are: A. walking on hind legs with body held vertical is complicated B. It is difficult to balance C. speed is decreased D. All of the above
D	The advantages of bipedalism are: A. it helps with infants B. it helps with cooling of the body C. food gathering facilitated D. All of the above
B	Australopithecus died out because A. It did not like to fight B. It was overtaken by more efficient herbivores C. It moved to a place where the climate was too cold D. None of the Above
D	Adding meat to Homo Habilis' diets caused A. Brain development B. Led to reciprocal relationships C. Increased geographical frontiers D. All of the Above
C	Sweating was important in human development because A. it made it more difficult for predators to track them B. it was necessary as a source of water C. it was a substitute for panting which could cause hyperventilation with long exertion D. None of the above
D	Which of the following did NOT play a role in the development of intelligence A. foods rich in protein B. dexterity in manual skills C. climate changes which changed the environment D. increase in number of predators
B	Increased cranium size resulted in A. fewer births B. offspring being born helpless C. Birth Defects D. Infants being fully independent at birth
BC	Conditions during the Ice age included A. Equatorial regions experience abundant rainfall B. The Polar regions increased in size C. There was a world wide drought D. None of the above
B	Earliest Modern Humans succeeded in colonizing the globe for all the following EXCEPT A. teamwork and cooperation B. resistance to change C. ability to adapt to new environments D. flexibility
A	Climate changes demanded movement and adaptation and stimulated both mental and physical evolution A. True B. False
A	Homo Sapiens began using animal by-products as raw materials for tools A. True B. False
B	The Neanderthals developed the bow and arrow and atlatl A. True B. False
B	Homo ergaster recognized seasonal patterns and maintained a home range and base A. True B. False
A	Homo Heidelbergensis was the first species with a lower larnyx A. True B. False
A	Forests began to invade the open pasture lands at the end of the Ice age A. True B. False
B	Homo Habilis use Mousterian Tools A. True B. False
A	Australopithecines were basically vegetarians A. True B. False
B	The Out of Africa Theory states that all the species developed independently in various regions A. True B. False
B	"It was much thicker than the shell, but not so hard. She would need to be very careful. No one before her had done this. She chose a place near one corner, adjusted the bone onto a jut of rock pressed the point of the stone she had used for Rawi's shell firmly down and with her other hand began to slowly turn the bone." A. Australopithecus B. Homo habilis C. Homo ergaster/erectus D. Neanderthal E. Homo Sapiens
D	"The stranger had hung around on the fringes of the tribe for a few days and then they'd accepted her, but her baby had died. Where had it gone? Not the body which they had buried.. but the little sick person who'd looked out of the weary eyes? That too was other, never-to-be-known, like dreams...To answer it she would need to somehow other, as other as Ma-ma's dreams or the stranger's lost baby. Perhaps she would need to go where the baby had gone." A. Australopithecus B. Homo habilis C. Homo ergaster/erectus D. Neanderthal E. Homo Sapiens
A	" a skull discovered in the deserts of central Africa belongs to our earliest known human ancestor. The fossil, unearthed in Chad, is between six and seven million years old, pushing back the roots of the human family tree by up to one million years." A. Australopithecus B. Homo habilis C. Homo ergaster/erectus D. Neanderthal E. Homo Sapiens
E	As Ötzi's body began to thaw from its icy grave, it became apparent that this was no modern human. About 5 feet 4 inches tall, possessing three layers of furs and grass clothes, he had well-lined shoes, a belt from which to drape his loincloth and suspend his leggings, a jacket, a cape and a bearskin hat. The blank of his blade was cast. This suggests some quantity of metal was melted. A. Australopithecus B. Homo habilis C. Homo ergaster/erectus D. Neanderthal E. Homo Sapiens
C	But scavenging and hunting is a migratory life, tied to the hunting patterns of predators and the herds of game they prey on, to fluctuations in water supplies, to seasonal shifts in the requirements for shelter and plants. The increased stature and brain size suggests humans adapted rather quickly to these new rigors. Successfully coping with fluctuating environments created the skills to adapt to a wider range of new environments; making it feasible for the migratory humans gradually to follow resources and herds of game into an ever widening range of habitats across the Middle East A. Australopithecus B. Homo habilis C. Homo ergaster/erectus D. Neanderthal E. Homo Sapiens
A	The role of women in horticultural societies A. Had political and sociological consequences B. had no effect at all on social structures C. was merely secondary to that of males D. all of the above E. None of the Above
D	A later shift from small plot horticulture to large field crop agriculture A. occurred with the introduction of domestic animal power as well as metal working technologies B. Allowed people to abandon their former hunting range altogether C. Permitted people to settle permanently in the prime agricultural lands of river valleys D. All of the above E .None of the Above
D	Meaning Systems A. Consist of negotiated agreements B. Involve relationships which are not essential and universal C. of different human societies will inevitably agree upon different relationships and meanings D. All of the above E. None of the above
D	Culture acts like a template, which means it does not A. have predictable form and content B. Shape behavior and consciousness C. Exist before the individual D. Determine genetic make-up E. None of the above
E	Myth A. is the basis of morality, governments and national identity B. is a constant among all human beings in all times C. is the thread that holds past, present and future D. may be part of the structure of our mind E. All of the above
E	Myth A. Employs a unique use of language that describes reality beyond the senses B. Is the basis of identity for a community, tribe, or nation C. embodies the codes of moral conduct D. is the pattern of beliefs that give meaning to life E. all of the above
E	The essential elements of religion include: A. a supreme power B. a faith in answers provided C. a set of rules for behavior D. sacred writings E. All of the Above
C	Functions of religions include all of the following EXCEPT A. giving communities a shared code of behavior B. Giving a shared understanding of the world C. Increasing of fear D. Giving deeper meaning s beyond surface of events E. none are the functions of religion
BCD	The effects of the Ice Age include A. The invasion of open pasture by forest B. Changes in climate were less extreme in the middle east C. A shift from dependence on big game to the hunting of many smaller animals D. an increased consumption of wild vegetable foods E. There were no effects of the Ice Age
A	The Auriginacians were the first dynamic innovators and the first artists A. True B. False
A	Natufian equipment such as reaping knives, querns, pestles and mortars indicates the use of grains A. True B. False
A	The Gravettians specialized in blade and burin technology A. True B. False
A	Natufians were the intermediate group between hunter and farmer ways of life A. True B. False
B	Microliths and grinders appeared with the Auriginacians A. True B. False
A	The Magdalenians were the finest artists A. True B. False
A	Nuclear and extended families are basic economic units A. True B. False
A	The introduction of agriculture caused social changes A. True B. False
B	Available natural resources have no impact on economic activities A. True B. False
A	Through formal and informal education, knowledge and skills are passed down from one generation to another A. True B. False
B	Communication is not a vital element in social organizations A. True B. False
A	Religious Groups often have prescribed public codes of behavior A. True B. False
A	The purpose of government is to exert control when needed A. True B. False
B	A dictatorship is always a bad form of government A. True B. False
B	Gilgamesh and Enkidu decide to steal trees from a distant cedar forest forbidden to mortals. A terrifying demon named Humbaba, the devoted .servant of Enlil, the god of earth, wind, and air, guards it. The two heroes make the perilous journey to the forest, and, standing side by side, fight with the monster. With assistance from Shamash the sun god, they kill him. Then they cut down the forbidden trees, fashion the tallest into an enormous gate, make the rest into a raft, and float on it back to Uruk. A. The meaning of life B. Civilization separates man from nature C. Church v. State D. The gods are Dangerous E. Personal Immortality
D	Utnapishtim tells Gilgamesh the story of the flood—how the gods met in council and decided to destroy humankind. Ea, the god of wisdom, warned Utnapishtim about the gods' plans and told him how to fashion a gigantic boat in which his family and the seed of every living creature might escape. When the waters finally receded, the gods regretted what they'd done and agreed that they would never try to destroy humankind again. A. The meaning of life B. Civilization separates man from nature C. Church v. State D. The gods are Dangerous E. Personal Immortality
C	Upon their return, Ishtar, the goddess of love, is overcome with lust for Gilgamesh. Gilgamesh spurns her. Enraged, the goddess asks her father, Anu, the god of the sky, to send the Bull of Heaven to punish him. The bull comes down from the sky, bringing with him seven years of famine. Gilgamesh and Enkidu wrestle with the bull and kill it. A. The meaning of life B. Civilization separates man from nature C. Church v. State D. The gods are Dangerous E. Personal Immortality
E	Life is short, the two warriors tell each other on their way to the deadly confrontation in the Cedar Forest, and the only thing that lasts is fame. A. The meaning of life B. Civilization separates man from nature C. Church v. State D. The gods are Dangerous E. Personal Immortality
A	Gilgamesh, what you seek you will never find...Let your every day be full of joy, love the child that holds your hand, let your wife delight in your embrace, for these alone are the concerns of humanity A. The meaning of life B. Civilization separates man from nature C. Church v. State D. The gods are Dangerous E. Personal Immortality
E	A. Mudhif B. Ziggurat C. Anatolia D. Irrigation E. Cuneiform
C	(which one is in the top left corner?) A. Mudhif B. Ziggurat C. Anatolia D. Irrigation E. Cuneiform
B	A. Mudhif B. Ziggurat C. Anatolia D. Irrigation E. Cuneiform
D	A. Mudhif B. Ziggurat C. Anatolia D. Irrigation E. Cuneiform
A	A. Mudhif B. Ziggurat C. Anatolia D. Irrigation E. Cuneiform
A	The basic tenets of the MODERN west are possessive individualism, free market philosophy, and scientific utility A. True B. False
A	Semitic refers to a subfamily of Afro-Asiatic Languages which include Hebrew, Arabic, and Aramaic A. True B. False
A	The enduring Legacy of Mesopotamia is its imaginative literature A. True B. False
A	The epic of Gilgamesh is the first epic poem recorded A. True B. False
A	The key arts of Civilization are the creation of organized communities, the arrival of the temple, the city, and kingship A. True B. False
A	The cities of ancient Sumer emerged on the site of ancient shrines A. True B. False
B	Wood characterizes the Mesopotamians as optimistic at heart A. True B. False
B	Ancient Mesopotamians conceived of civilization as being in harmony with nature A. True B. False
A	The hill people against the plains people, the nomad against the sedentary farmer are the two most ancient confrontations in human history A. True B. False
B	Law does not need to be written or administered A. True B. False
B	A centralized authority is not needed for the proper administration of law A. True B. False
A	Written law assumes and independent character beyond the authority that administers it A. True B. False
A	The basic cultural mechanism for dealing with unacceptable behavior is to try to find an acceptable alternative to the behavior A. True B. False
A	Sumerians beleived the mound of creation the first land, which rose from the primeval waters, was the site where kingship (political society) first came to earth A. True B. False
A	The Sumerian civilizations were a good example of Malthus' theory A. True B. False
E	The common markers of a material civilization include A. Bronze Technology B. Writing C. great ceremonial buildings D. monumental art E. All of the Above
A	The material markers hide A. the ultimate goals of civilization B. the people who created them C. the names of those who made them D. Nothing E. None of the Above
E	The ultimate goals of organized human life on earth include(s) ??? ends A. moral B. intellectual C. Political D. Spiritual E. All
E	Factors that brought about the fall of the Mesopotamian Civilizations include A. Internecine warfare B. Gloomy Prophesies C. Increased Salinization D. Inflation E. All of the above
E	Among the Hittites, religion held that A. the gods grew out of environment and local deities B Mountains were considered sacred C. Principal deity was female D. Religion and ritual were to placate and appease gods E. All of the above
E	Among the Hittites, warfare A. depended on a combination of military force and diplomatic ties with buffer states B. used the army's infantry and chariots C. had cities built as fortification meant to be part of the "offense" of that country D. Proved the "righteousness" of the cause by victory in battle E. All of the Above
D	? is the best example of Plutarch's Theory A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
BE	? Prevents retribution for wrongs to escalate into a cycle of mutual revenge A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
BD	? Which is the best cultural mechanism for dealing with unacceptable behavior, is to exact revenge A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
A	King ? forced a large population of Jews to relocate, largely upper class people and craftspeople. This marks the beginning of the Exile in Jewish History A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
B	? was the first king to establish an empire A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
AE	The ? is a law of equal and direct retribution A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
D	Centralization of the monarchy was the greatest innovation of ? A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
AC	In order for any government to perform effectively, then those in power must convince everyone else that they have ?? A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
BC	?? is written and administered retribution and conflict resolution A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
C	?? at first justified the monarch's authority based on some sort of divine selection , but later began to assert that the monarch himself was divine and worthy of worship A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
AD	Through ??, law assumes and independent character beyond the centralized authority that administers it A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
E	?? was the first to establish official social classes (freeman land owners, freemen not land owners, and slaves) and give consequences for crimes on a sliding scale based on social class A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
AB	They had a federal state ruled by a king whose power was controlled by a council of nobles A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
D	Their army was the largest standing army ever seen in the Middle East or Mediterranean A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing
AB	Queen reigned co-equal and retained status at death of king A. Nebuchadnezzar AE. Lex talonis B. Sargon BC. Law C. Sumerians BD. Retribution D. Assyria BE. Administration E. Hammurabi AB. Hittites AC. Legitimation of Authority AD. Writing

Flickr Creative Commons Images

Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com. Click to see the original works with their full license.

• "E" image
• "C" image
• "B" image
• "D" image
• "A" image

This product uses the Flickr API but is not endorsed or certified by Flickr.