Chapter 10/final child d

5 Written Questions

1. support for learning and problem solving that encourages independence and growth
2. helping behavior that benefits others
   -In this view, moral conduct is learned through reinforcement and modeling.
   (2)Preschoolers are more apt to model the behavior of warm, responsive adults and models viewed as highly competent or high in prestige.
   (3)Children do more than simply mimic modeled behavior. (a)By observing others' behavior, they begin to learn society's norms.
   (b)This leads to Abstract Modeling
3. 1.Cephalocaudal:"head to tail", growth begins at head and upper body then proceeds down the rest of the body
   2. Proximodistal:"near to far", development starts at center of body and proceeds outward
   3. Hierarchical integration:simple skills develop separately and independently but are later integrated into more complex skills
   4. independence of systems: body systems grow at different rates
4. symbolic function and egocentrism
5. develop relationships(love, sexual) if not they become promiscuous and isolated

5 Matching Questions

1. Frueds psychosexual development
2. Collectivist Orientation
3. Psychosocial development
4. Ego integrity v despair (adulthood, Erikson psychosocial stages)
5. autonomous cooperation stage

1. a series of stages that children pass through in which gratification is obtained through a particular biological function and body part.
   (1)Oral (birth to 12-18 months)-most sensitive period, if over indulged children become fixated
   (2)Anal (12-18 months to 3 years)-centered around anal region,
   (3)Phallic (3 to 5-6 years)-centered around gential region
   (4)Latency (5-6 years to adolescence)-nothing interesting happens
   (5)Genital (adolescence to adulthood)-sexual desires are re-awakened
2. b (begins at age 10) children become fully aware that game rules can be modified if the people who play them agree.
3. c encompasses changes both in the moral understandings individuals have about themselves and others.
4. d promoting the notion of interdependence, blending in, and being interconnected. typically Asian societies
5. e feel good about the life they lived if not there will be despare. afraid of death

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. children use mother as a kind of home, their at ease when the mom is present. when the mother is gone they are upset but when she comes back they go back to the mom
   1. ambivalent attachment
   2. secure attachment
   3. Avoidiant attachment
   4. attachment
2. the aspect of personality that represents a person's conscience, incorporating distinctions between right and wrong. Develops around age 5 or 6 and is acquired through interactions from
   1. Gender
   2. Ego
   3. Temperament
   4. Superego
3. is non-physical aggression that is intended to hurt another person's psychological well-being and is demonstrated by name-calling, withholding friendship, or saying mean and hurtful things.
   1. Self-regulation
   2. teratogens
   3. Functional Play
   4. Relational Aggression
4. girl realized she doesn't have a penis, father has one so she wants to kill mom to have her dad, never goes away (penis envy)
   1. Electra Conflict(Phallic)
   2. Gender Constancy
   3. Operant conditioning
   4. Oediapl conflict(Phallic stage)
5. 8 stages that illustrate the strength of attachment between a child and typically his/her mother
   1. Assimilation
   2. conservation
   3. Collectivist Orientation
   4. Anisworth strange situation

5 True/False Questions

1. Operant conditioning → reinforcers and punishment ex: lab rats

   True        False

2. symbolic function → the ability to use symbols, words, or an object to represent something that is not physically present.
   ex: using a banana as a phone

   True        False

3. Gender Schema → a tendency to believe that everyone sees what they see or think as they think

   True        False

4. Psychodynamic perspective → attribute gender differences to Identification

   True        False

5. Psychoanalytic perspectives → attribute gender differences to Identification

   True        False