Chapters 1-4 Physics- PRUCNAL
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68 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Step 1 of the Scientific Method | recognize question |
| Step 2 of the Scientific Method | hypothesis |
| Step 3 of the Scientific Method | predict consequences of hypothesis |
| Step 4 of the Scientific Method | perform experiment to test hypothesis |
| Step 5 of the Scientific Method | formulate general rule that organizes: hypothesis, prediction, experimental findings |
| Physics | The basic science; nature of basic things: motion, force, energy, heat, sound, light, atoms, matter |
| When the sun is partially eclipsed, what shape image would you expect to see? | crescent shape |
| If the full sun is out, what shape image would you expect to see? | circle |
| Science | the gathering of knowledge and organizing it |
| technology | application of science |
| Copernicus | Published book that sun is stationary and that eath revolves around it |
| centigram balance | accurately compares masses anywhere; measures in centigrams |
| centigram balance | measures the mass of an object by comparing it to a standard mass |
| mass | amount of matter in an object |
| weight | gravitational attraction |
| The safest way to view the sun is with: | pinhole images |
| Science is a body of knowledge that: | is an ongoing activity for humans, describes order in nature, condenses knowledge into testable laws |
| The easties way to measure the distance between the earth and the moon is to place in your line of sight to the moon a: | coin |
| The earth, like everything else illuminated by the sun, casts a shadow that.. | tapers because of the huge size of the sun |
| pseudoscience | fake science |
| Weight depends on location, mass does not. true or false? | true |
| A spring Scale measures | weight and the force of gravity acting apon the object |
| A ____ can later be proven incorrect; but a ___ is not contradicted | theory; law |
| another term for technology | applied science |
| how far is the sun from earth? | 150,000,000 km |
| hypotheses | educated guess |
| What is newtons first law? | if there is no force acting on an object, it will stay as it is |
| force | a push or pull |
| external force | A force that acts on a system from outside the system |
| net force | the vector sum of forces that act on an object |
| normal force | an upward force opposite to the force of gravity |
| tension | stretching force |
| gravity | the force of attraction between all masses in the universe |
| friction | force that acts to resist the relative motion of objects or materials that are in contact |
| Galileo | dropped objects of various weights from the Tower of Pisa to compare their falls; they hit ground at same time |
| euqilibrium | state of no change |
| terminal velocity | terminal speed together with the direction of motion, no more acceleration |
| whirl a rock at the end of a string on an ice- covered pond and it follows circular path. If the string breaks, the tendency of the rock is to.. | follow a straight path |
| When a rocket ship accelerating in outer space runs out of fuel it.. | doesnt accelerate |
| If your automobile runs out of fuel while driving the engine stops but you do not come to an abrupt stop. The concept that explains why is.. | inertia |
| if you push a crate with a force of 100 N and it slides at a constant velocity, how much friction is acting on the crate? | 100N |
| A monkey hangs stationary from a vertical vine. What two forces act on the monkey? | tension and gravity |
| If no external forces are acting on an object, it will... | continue moving at the same velocity |
| The closer two objects are to each other.. | the greater the force of gravity between them |
| A book lies on a table. What force acts on the book? | gravity and normal force |
| aristotle | one of the first people to study physics; divided motion into natural and violent |
| Tension on a rope is _____the length of the rope. | independent of |
| acceleration | change in velocity |
| average speed | the time of travel |
| instantaneous speed | speed at any particular instant |
| velocity | the speed of an object and a specification of its direction of motion |
| free-fall | motion only under the influence of gravity |
| vector | has magnitude and direction |
| scalar | only has magnitude |
| speed | how fast something moves |
| if an object moves with constant acceleration, the its velocity must always ___. | decrease |
| When a rock thrown straight upwards gets to the exact top of its path___. | its velocity is zero and its acceleration is zero |
| One half second after starting from rest, a freely-falling object will have a speed of | about 5m/s |
| acceleration is the rate of change of___ | velocity. |
| the two measurements necessary for calculating average speed are____. | distance and time |
| While an object near the earth's surface is in free fall, its ___ increases. | velocity |
| Who is credited with being the first to measure speed? | Galileo |
| Objects that appear at rest are moving because motion is relative. true or false? | true |
| newton's 2nd law | acceleration= force/mass |
| The cause for acceleration is___. | force |
| A kilogram is a measure of an object's___. | weight |
| A newton is a unit of ____. | force |
| Force is a vector quantity because it has both ___ and ____. | magnitude and direction |
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