1.
_ believe that Earth's natural systems generally operate in self-renewing cycles that are good models for sustainable economies.: ecological economist
2.
_ believe that within a market economy, economic sustainability is achieved through reduction of growth and by more efficient resource use.: environmental economists
3.
_ is best defined as the knowledge, believes, values, and learned ways of life shared by a group of people.: Culture
4.
_ is defined as the study of how we decide to use scarce resources in the face of demand.: economics
5.
_ Would oppose fuel efficiency standards because they believe "we will find more oil" to solve the fossil fuel crisis: neoclassical economics, cornucopians
6.
"Ecosystem services" include: soil formation, climate regulation, pollination, nutrient cycling, waste treatment
7.
"If domestic fuel prices rise to $5 per gallon, conservation will increase, alternative fuels will be developed, and energy efficiency and our quality of life will improve." This philosophy is consistent with ___ economics.: environmental
8.
"If domestic fuel prices rise to $5 per gallon, growth will slow significantly and our quality of life will decline." This philosophy is consistent with _ economics.: neoclassical
9.
A(n) _ is best defined as one who considers abiotic environmental impacts when considering an action.: Ecocentrist
10.
A(n) _ is best defined as one who evaluates an action based on its impact on human health, economic costs and benefits, and aesthetic concerns.: Anthropocentrist
11.
American school of philosophy exemplified by Emerson and Whitman which saw nature as a symbol of deeper spiritual truth: transcendentalism
12.
American transcendentalist writer who viewed nature as a direct manifestation of the devine: Ralph Waldo Emerson
13.
As the industrial revolution spread in the _ century from _ throughout Europe and to North America and elsewhere, it amplified human impacts on the environment.: 18th, England
14.
British utilitarian who promoted the idea that actions should maximize the overall benefit to most people: Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill
15.
Cassandras are: predict doom and disaster for the world
16.
Conservationist who advocated protection of nature for its beauty and usefulness; founder of the US Forest Service: Pinchot
17.
Contingent valuation: uses surveys to determine how much people are willing to pay to protect or restore a resource
18.
Ecocentrist and anthropocentrist who argued that we should protect America's natural environment in its pristine, unaltered state: John Muir
19.
Forest ranger in Arizona and New Mexico in the early 1900s who advocated preservation of nature's integrity. He wrote, "... to keep every cog and wheel is the first precaution of intelligent tinkering...": Aldo Leopold
20.
GPI is an acronym for: Genuine Progress Indicator
21.
In general, environmentalists believe that government should: nationalize all Earth's natural resources
22.
Modern market economies generally do not address _: nonmarket values, aesthetic and cultural value
23.
Proposed the categorical imperative, which advocates treating others as you would wish to be treated: Immanuel Kant
24.
The EPA defines _ as the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income, with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.: environmental justice
25.
The GPI for the US: has remained flat for the past 35 years while GDP increased greatly
26.
The philosophy of classical economics developed by Adam Smith: freemarket capital
27.
What alternative measures might the government take to aid in the fossil fuel crisis?: investment and alternative/renewable energy
28.
What factors might lead to more political support for higher fuel-efficiency standards?: lobbying -> the different cultural values
29.
What measures might consumers take to aid in the fossil fuel crisis?: consume green
30.
Which American president is famous for instituting protection of the California wilderness in the early 1900s?: Theodore Roosevelt
31.
Which of the following have contributed to the rapid increase in crude oil prices over the past decade?: increased demand, creation of oil carters
32.
Which of the following represents one possible explanation for why the federal government has not been successful at mandating higher fuel efficiency standards for American vehicles?: lobbying of the government sponsoring
33.
Which of the following values includes volunteer work and pollution in a country's goods and services?: GPI: Genuine Progress Indicator
34.
Who is best known as the founder of the Sierra Club?: Muir
35.
Why is the consumption of fossils fuels high, despite high prices?: the prices don't affect the demand of the rich
