organelles
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Mitochondria | Sites of chemical reactions that transfer energy from organic compounds to ATP. They are plenty in cells that require high energy |
| Cristae | long folds in the inner membrane of mitochondria |
| Ribosomes | Assemblage of proteins and RNA Synthesis of proteins |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Intracellular highway. Molecules move from one part of the cell to another |
| Rough ER | large amounts of proteins to be exported from the cell or inserted into the cell membrane |
| Smooth ER | Synthesis of steroids |
| Golgi apparatus | Processing, packaging, secreting organelle Modifies proteins for export by the cell |
| Lysosomes | Enzymes that digest proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, DNA and RNA. Common in animal cells but rare in plant cells |
| Cytoskeleton | Maintains cell shape and size. A network of long protein. |
| Microfilament | Play a role in cell movement, contraction of muscle cells |
| Microtubules | Largest strands of cytoskeleton. Hollow tubes |
| Cilia | Assists in movement Short organelles, large numbers on cell |
| Flagella | Hairlike organelles, long and less numerous |
| Nucleus | The large organelle near the center of the cell. Directs most of the activities of the cell. |
| Nuclear matrix | Shape with the help of protein skeleton |
| Nuclear envelope | Double membrane |
| chromatin | Combination of DNA and protein. They form chromosomes |
| Nuclear pores | Site which RNA goes through to copy DNA. In the cytosol, it directs the synthesis of proteins. |
| Cell wall | Support and protects the plant. |
| Vacuole | Fluid-filled organelles store enzymes & metabolic wastes. |
| Plastid | Surrounded by 2 membranes and contain DNA. Chloroplast- photosynthesis |
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