Flashcards: 26 Interwar Years
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Created by:
HistoryofCrawford on December 13, 2010
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Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Locarno treaty (1926) | Agreement between Germany, France and Belgium that they would not use war as a means to settle border disputes. Gustav Stresemann chief negotiator. |
| Five-year plan | Began in 1928. Stalin's designs to increase government control. Intended to create strong, industrialized Russia. |
| Mussolini | Fascist dictator of Italy during the 1920s through early 1940s. Known as Il Duce ("the chief"). |
| Joseph Stalin | Dictator of Russia from 1927-1953. Noted for his brutality. Built Russia into an international power by forced labor programs. |
| Francisco Franco | Fascist dictator of Spain from 1936-1975. Led Spanish civil war nationalists. |
| Black shirts | Followers of Mussolini's fascist regime. Helped Mussolini gain control in 1922 strikes. |
| Adolf Hitler | German dictator by 1933. Wrote Mein Kampf. Responsible for the Holocaust. |
| Keynesian economics | Governments must use deficit financing to control their economies. Borrow (tax) and spend to stimulate economic growth. It encourages private investment. Governments can control inflation spikes by controlling interest rates. |
| Fascism | Highly nationalistic form of government that swept across Europe in the early- to mid-1900s. Includes war, racism, and despotism. |
| Gestapo | Hitler's black-shirted secret police, responsible for many killings of those suspected of disloyalty. |
| Brown Shirts | Hitler's early "private army" of street thugs who intimidated the population. They helped allow Hitler's Nazis to seize control of Germany. |
| Kristallnacht | In 1938, many Jews were arrested, killed, and had their businesses burned by Gestapo. Started with the killing of a German official by a Jewish boy. Jews were fined 1B marks. |
| Corporate State | Instituted by Mussolini to replace labor unions in Italy. People are expected to sacrifice for the good of the nation. |
| New Economic Policy | Introduced in Russia in 1921 by Lenin. Included government control of big business, peasants can own some land and grow and sell their own crops, foreigners hired to help build business, terrorism and censorship lessened. |
| Nuremberg laws of 1935 | Laws directed against Jews, kept them out of public service, disallowed them to marry non-Jews, made them non-citizens. |
| Totalitarian state | Modern (20th century) term for a government that has unlimited control over the work, lives, and thoughts of its people. |
| Nazis | Name for the National Socialist Party that came to power in the 1930s in Germany. |
| Kellogg-Briand pact | Signed in 1928 as an attempt to remove war as an instrument of national policy between France and U.S. An example of many treaties that failed to accomplish their goals due to nationalistic feelings. |
| Collectivization | Stalin's first five year plan that called for peasant farmers to work together under government supervision. Included government ownership of land and a reduction in agricultural workers (out-of-work laborers moved to cities/factories. |
| Reichstag | The house of the German parliament to which people were elected by the vote of all male citizens. |
| War Guilt Clause | The part of the Versailles treaty that held Germany financially responsible for all damages and reparations of WWI. |
| Politburo | The small control group of the Communist Party that determined party policy in USSR. |
| The Great Depression | Worldwide economic crash beginning with the NY stock market collapse. Helped to allow the rise of totalitarianism. |