1.
Accident: an event that happens unexpectedly or unintentionally
2.
Air layering: a type of layering in which the stem is girdled, the cut is dusted in rooting hormone, and the dusted cut is covered with moss
3.
Anchor support posts: side posts providing the main structural support for a greenhouse that are spaced at regular intervals and set in concrete footings
4.
Asexual: process of reproducing plants without seeds (also called vegetative)
5.
Bark: used as a substitute for peat moss or in combination with peat; aged hardwood or pine is best
6.
Bedding plants: herbaceous, annual flowers and vegetables that lack the ability to survive freezing temperatures; bedding plants include impatiens, petunias, marigolds, tomatoes, and many other plants.
7.
Biological control: is the use of living organisms to reduce pest populations. These beneficial organisms are natural enemies of pests. or infect their pest hosts.
8.
Broker: a person who buys greenhouse plants and supplies and sells them to wholesalers and retailers
9.
Bulbs: short, flattened stems that bear fleshy food storage leaves; examples of bulbs include tulip and narcissus
10.
Capillary mat system: a form of sub-irrigation in which potted plants are set on a moist synthetic mat and water moves upward through the drain holes into the growing medium by wick action
11.
Center bud removal: method of disbudding that involves the pinching off of the most terminal flower bud
12.
Chemical control: is the use of pesticides to reduce pest populations.
13.
Cloning: genetically generating offspring from nonsexual tissue
14.
Cold frame: an outside propagation structure consisting of a wooden or concrete block frame with heat supplied by solar radiation through a glass or other transparent covering
15.
Consumer: a person who buys
16.
Corm: a short, swollen, underground stem; crocus and gladiolas are corms
17.
Crown: part of the plant that enters the soil
18.
Cultural control: is used to make the crop environment unsuitable for pests to feed, live, or reproduce, and to improve the health of the crop.
19.
Cutting: vegetative plant part that regenerates roots and forms new plants
20.
Damping off: a fungal disease that causes the stems to rot off at the soil line
21.
Day neutral plant: plants unaffected by day length
22.
DIF: the mathematical difference between the day temperature and the night temperature
23.
Disbudding: the removal of flower buds to improve the overall quality of the plants
24.
Disinfectant: a material that destroys infective agents such as bacteria and viruses
25.
Division: a method of vegetative propagation involving separation of a plant into two or more pieces, each containing a portion of the roots and crown
26.
Dormancy: the phase in the life cycle of a plant when growth is slowed or inactive
27.
Energy curtains: automated system utilizing fabrics to insulate the greenhouse at night
28.
Entrepreneurship: working for oneself
29.
Even span: a basic style of greenhouse in which rafters are equal in length
30.
Fan-and-pad cooling system: a system in which large exhaust fans draw air through a moistened cellulose pad mounted on the opposite end of the structure
31.
Fan-tube ventilation: fans bring in small amounts of cool outside air and mix it with the warm air
32.
Fertilizer injector system: equipment used for the irrigation of plants with exact proportions of fertilizers obtained from a concentrate of water-fertilizer and water
33.
Floriculture CDE: an FFA Career Development Event that allows for competition in the different aspects of floriculture
34.
Fluorescent lighting: cooler and more efficient that incandescent lights; have a wide range of wavelengths and long life
35.
Fog-evaporative cooling system: fog is generated inside; as the minute fog droplets evaporate, heat is absorbed
36.
Foliage plants: tropical and subtropical plants grown for their leaves rather than for their flowers and selected for their ability to be grown indoors; they are also called houseplants
37.
Forced air-heaters: localized heater units that force hot air directly into a duct system
38.
Forcing: a term used to describe practices that get bulbs to grow and produce flowers
39.
Fungicide: a material used to destroy fungi or protect plants against their attack
40.
Germination: the resumption of growth by a seed embryo; occurs when the embryonic root emerges from the seed coat
41.
Girdling (wounding): restricts the function of the xylem or phloem of a dicot plant
42.
Glass: a type of covering used in greenhouses; comes in several grades; allows greatest transmission of light
43.
Gothic arch: basic style of greenhouse with a pointed arch; trusses have been eliminated
44.
Grafting: implanting a branch or bud from one plant onto another
45.
Greenhouse: a structure that is covered with a transparent material that allows sufficient sunlight to enter for the purpose of growing and maintaining plants
46.
Growth regulator: a substance that influences plant growth
47.
Hazard: exposure to danger or harm
48.
Herbicide: a substance that kill weeds
49.
High Intensity Discharge (HID) lighting system: efficient and effective supplemental lighting system
50.
Hose watering: manual watering of plants
51.
Hot water heat: water is heated in a boiler and pumped through pipes
52.
Hotbed: an outside propagation structure similar to a cold frame except electric or hot water thermostatically controlled heating is used
53.
Incandescent lighting: inefficient and gives off primarily infra-red wavelengths; often used for photoperiod control
54.
Infrared radiant heaters: individual heater units that produce infrared radiation
55.
Insecticide: a material used to kill insects or protect against their attacks
56.
Integrated pest management: an ecologically based approach to controlling plant pests
57.
Intermittent mist system: watering method; tiny droplets delivered periodically keep plants moist
58.
Layering: propagation method in which roots form on the stem of the plant while it is still attached to the parent plant
59.
LD factor: lethal dose factor
60.
Leaf bud cutting: a cutting that includes a short section of stem with a leaf attached
61.
Leaf cutting: a cutting made from a leaf and its attached petiole
62.
Liners: small branched plants sold to growers
63.
Long-day plant: plants that flower as days lengthen in the summer
64.
Markup: the difference in the amount an object costs to produce and the price for which it is sold
65.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS): a sheet containing information about the safe use of a chemical and the steps to take in case of an accident
66.
Miticide: a chemical used to control mites
67.
Natural ventilation: air is exchanged through open ridge and side vents and controlled by thermostats
68.
Nematocide: a chemical used to control nematodes
69.
Nursery/Landscape CDE: an FFA Career Development Event that allows for competition in the different aspects of Nursery/Landscaping
70.
Overhead watering: water is applied over the canopy of the plants with spray nozzles
71.
Peat moss: a moss plant that grows on peat bogs, such as sphagnum or polytrichum
72.
Perimeter irrigation: watering around the outside of a flower bed
73.
Perlite: a heat-treated lava rock that is lightweight with low nutrient and moisture holding capacity
74.
Pest: an unwanted plant or animal
75.
Pesticide: a chemical used to control pests
76.
Photoperiodism: a plant's response to light duration
77.
Pinching: removal of the apical meristem; a common practice used to produce bushy, well-branched crops
78.
Placement: working for someone else
79.
Plugs: small plants grown in a small amount of media in divided trays
80.
Polyethylene: a petroleum-based flexible plastic used for many purposes; greenhouses can be covered with this
81.
Potted flowering plants: plants grown in pots for their showy flowers; some popular potted flowering plants are poinsettias, chrysanthemums, cyclamen, and africanviolets
82.
Producer: the person who grows a plant for sale
83.
Proficiency Award: an award for someone's SAE
84.
Propagation: the reproduction of plants
85.
Propagation: the process of increasing the numbers of a species
86.
Purlins: run the length of the structure and are attached to each truss, adding more structural strength
87.
Quonset: basic style of greenhouse with curved roof with or without sidewalls
88.
Retailer: a person or store that sells directly to the consumer
89.
Ridge and Furrow Greenhouse: A ridge and furrow greenhouse is a structure that consists of a number of greenhouses connected along the length of the houses. The shared side walls create a large interior space.
90.
Rigid structured sheet: a type of covering used in greenhouses commonly made of polycarbonate and acrylic; it is rigid and resistant to weathering
91.
Risk: the chance that an accident might occur during a research project
92.
Root cutting: a cutting made from sections of roots
93.
Safety: a state of being free of danger and injury
94.
Sand: used to increase aeration and drainage
95.
Scarification: breaking or softening a seed coat to allow absorption of moisture
96.
Seasonal market: a market that is affected by weather, time of year, or holidays
97.
Sexual: reproduction using seeds
98.
Shade curtains: automated system utilizing fabrics to block light from reaching crops
99.
Short-day curtains: automated system utilizing fabrics to insulate the greenhouse at night
100.
Short-day plant: plants that will begin to flower naturally in the fall when the day lengths get shorter
101.
Soaker hose system: water is applied to the growing medium by slowly saturating the medium
102.
Steam heat: water heated to a boil and steam travels through pipes in the greenhouse
103.
Stem cutting: a cutting made from short pieces of thickened leafless stems containing at least one node
104.
Stock plant: a plant from which cuttings or meristems are obtained for propagation
105.
Stratification: placing seeds in a moist soil medium at a temperature between 3 degrees and 50 degrees for a certain period of time
106.
Thermoperiodism: term used to describe a temperature requirement that produces a plant response
107.
Tissue culture: plant reproduction using very small, actively growing plant parts under sterile conditions and medium
108.
Toxicity: a measurement of how poisonous a chemical is
109.
Transplanting: transferring or moving seedlings from the seedbed and setting them into the ground
110.
Trusses: composed of rafters, chords, and struts that support the roof
111.
Tube irrigation: water is carried to each pot by a microtube; foliage is not wet in this process
112.
Tuber: an underground stem that lacks a dry leaf covering and basal plate
113.
Uneven span: basic style of greenhouse in which rafters are of unequal length
114.
Vegetative: a method of reproduction that involves plant parts other than the reproductive ones
115.
Ventilators: moveable units of a greenhouse to allow for natural air flow
116.
Vermiculite: heat-treated mica that is lightweight and has high nutrient and moisture holding content
117.
Vernalization: a physiological process whereby a period of cold temperature is required for flowering
118.
Wholesaler: a person who sells to a retailer
