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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 type I diabetes is known as | insulin-dependent |
| type II diabetes is known as | non-insulin-dependent |
| type I diabetes is a result of | the lack of production of insulin - non at all |
| what type of disease is type I and why | auto-immune disease b/c the immune system attacks the B cells (which make the insulin) |
| what happens as a result of type I and II of diabetes | build up of glucose in the body |
| what characterizes type II diabetes (what causes it) | insulin production insufficiency or insulin resistance |
| which type is more common in fat ppl | type II |
| gestational diabetes | develops or is discovered during pregnancy = usually goes away |
| when blood glucose levels rise what happens | pancreatic B cells secrete insulin |
| what happens when blood glucose levels fall | pancreatic a cells secrete glucagon |
| when a cell secrete glucagon, what does it do | it binds to receptors in the liver to stimulate glucose production |
| what happens in response to nutrient intake | intestinal L cells secrete GLP1 |
| main regulator of glucose metabolism | insulin |
| what steps occur in type II diabetes | there is a compensatory increase of insulin to make up for insulin resistance - this leads to B cells dysfunction, insulin secretion falls - hyperglycemia |
| sulfonylurea | type II diabetes medication - stimulates insulin secretion in the pancreas |
| TZD | type II diabetes medication - reduces insulin resistance by increasing sensitivity of peripheral tissue to insulin |
| Biguanide | type II diabetes medication - reduces glucose secretion from liver (insulin independent) |
| Alpha glucosidas inhibitor | type II diabetes drug - partially blocks carbohydrate absorption, thereby lowering the peak glucose levels |
| TZDs - PPAR | inc. sensitivity of muscle and liver to insulin |
| adiponectin | enhances insulin action in animals - lowers glucose levels |
| GLP stimuli | high protein diet causes the GLP to signal to the liver to produce glucose |
| exendin-4 | replicates the activity of GLP-1 |
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