Unit 3 People
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Created by:
mollybogner on December 13, 2010
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40 terms
Latin | English |
|---|---|
| Cyril and Methodius |  brothers in the 800s who worked to convert the Slavs of Central and Eastern Europe to Christianity - developed alphabet to teach them the Bible |
| Constantine | moved the capital of the Roman Empire to a city named after himself |
| Justinian | emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire - consecrated the Hagia Sophia, organized all the laws of the Roman empire |
| Belisarius | Justinian chose as commander-in-chief of the army. Led troops that crushed Nika Revolt, conquered lots of territory |
| Theodora | Justinian's wife, helped improve laws for humans, urged him to stay when he was threatened by Nika Revolt |
| Vladimir I | Kievan ruler who invited representatives of faiths to his council and eventually converted to Orthodox Christianity |
| Ivan III | Grand Prince of Moscow. Overthrew Mongol rule, first ruler of Russia |
| Muhammad | prophet of Islam - received message from angel, was persecuted, started Muslim faith |
| al-Khwarizmi | inventor of Algebra |
| Ottomans | swept through Asia Minor and invaded Europe in early 1300s, created capital at Adrianople and eventually took over Constantinople in 1453 |
| Clovis | first Merovingian king of a Frankish tribe, strong supporter of Christianity, controlled all of Gaul |
| Charles Martel | defeated the Moors, halting their expansion into Western Europe |
| Pepin the Short | pope crowned him "king by the grace of God," defeated Lombards and gave land to the pope |
| Charlemagne | controlled and united much of Western Europe, crowned "Emperor of the Romans," encouraged Christianity |
| Saint Benedict | established a monastery with specific rules and standards |
| Alfred the Great | persuaded Danes to leave Wessex by paying tribute, later attacked them. Made many contributions to learning |
| William the Conqueror | from Normandy, claimed English throne but was denied, attacked @ Battle of Hastings, crowned himself king. Brought feudal system to England but all were loyal to the king |
| Thomas Becket | archbishop of Canterbury. Refused to hold church trial and was murdered by 4 of the king's knights, became a saint |
| Otto I | German ruler, seized Italian territory, crowned Emperor of the Romans ("Holy Roman Empire") |
| Henry III | Holy Roman Emperor, believed church was just a branch of government. 3 men claimed to be pope and he chose a new German pope. |
| Henry IV | Holy Roman Emperor - insisted he had right to appoint bishops, was excommunicated and traveled to Canossa to beg for mercy |
| Frederick Barbarossa | German ruler, interested in Italy, Milan resisted and he destroyed it, other cities formed Lombard League |
| Pope Innocent III | led papacy to height. Believed himself supreme. Dominated almost all of Europe |
| Urban II | started the Crusades |
| Louis VII | King of France, started 2nd Crusade |
| Conrad III | Holy Roman Emperor, started 2nd Crusade |
| Salah-al-Din | Muslim leader, recaptured Jerusalem (cause of 3rd Crusade) |
| Dante | Italian poet who wrote in Tuscan - father of modern Italian. Wrote "The Divine Comedy" |
| Chaucer | English author, wrote "Canterbury Tales," wrote in English |
| Abelard | scholastic philosopher, in "Sic et Non" pointed out inconsistencies of Church teaching |
| Aquinas | wrote "Summa Theologiae," showed that logic could be applied to Church doctrine |
| Joan of Arc | heard voices of saints, defended Orleans against English, burned as a heretic |
| Charles VII | heir to the French throne, was helped by Joan of Arc |
| Ferdinand and Isabella | united Spain, ordered all of Spain to become Christian |
| Habsburg | a family of weak princes with little land, but cleverly married and ruled Holy Roman Empire |
| Boniface VIII | argued that clergy does not have to pay taxes - declared supremacy over temporal rulers, imprisoned and later died |
| John Wycliffe | attacked Church - thought Bible should be all authority |
| Jan Hus | denounced abuses in the Church - was excommunicated - burned as a heretic |
| Genghis Khan | great Mongol leader - conquered Central Asia |
| Ivan IV | Became Grand Prince of Russia at a young age, began to exercise power, named himself czar. Able ruler but bizzare and cruel actions |
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