1.
Benjamin Franklin: Printer, author, inventor, diplomat, statesman, and Founding Father. One of the few Americans who was highly respected in Europe, primarily due to his discoveries in the field of electricity.
2.
Great Awakening: Religious revival in the American colonies of the eighteenth century during which a number of new Protestant churches were established.
3.
Habeaus Corpus: the principle that a person cannot be held on prison without being charged with a specific crime
4.
John Locke: Came up with that every person should be given "natural rights". this challenged the idea of the divine rights
5.
Johnathan Edwards: an american theologian and congregational clergyman whose sermons stirred the religious revival called the GREAT AWAKENING known for siners in the hands of an angry god sermon
6.
Magna Carta: King John was forced to sign this, it was the first document to place restrictions on a monarch. could not levy taxes without nobles consult, reinforced the right to own private property, and guaranteed right to trial by jury.
7.
Montesquieu: French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755)
8.
Navigation acts: Shipments from Europe to english colonies went through england first, any imports to england from the colonies were on british ships, and all key products must be sold only to england
9.
Slave Codes: laws passed by southern slaves to keep slaves from either running away or rebelling. these laws forbade slaves to gather in groups of three of more. they couldn't leave their owner's land without a written pass. slaves were not allowed to own a gun. and unfortunately could not learn to read or write. they could also not testify in court.
10.
Slavery and Racism: work done under harsh conditions for little or no pay, and discriminatory or abusive behavior towards members of another race.
11.
Social classes: 1. Gentry (upper class of colonial society) 2. the middle Class (small planters, independent farmers, and artisans) 3. indentured servants ( colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years) 4. Free african americans 5. Natives 6. Slaves
12.
The Enlightenment: A philosophical movement which started in Europe in the 1700's and spread to the colonies. It emphasized reason and the scientific method. Writers of the enlightenment tended to focus on government, ethics, and science, rather than on imagination, emotions, or religion. Many members of the Enlightenment rejected traditional religious beliefs in favor of Deism, which holds that the world is run by natural laws without the direct intervention of God.
13.
Triangular trade: A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Aferica sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa
14.
Zenger Case: The Zenger Case was a trial against the author of an article in a New York newspaper that criticized a corrupt British governor. Zenger was charged with sedition and libel, but he was acquitted. The event was a contribution to the adaptation of the policy of freedom of the press.
